tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-56014526809434097302024-03-07T23:55:24.780-08:00Best college admissions essaysGood Essay Topics For Pride And PrejudiceBrayan Ellisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02679540273308153418noreply@blogger.comBlogger63125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5601452680943409730.post-20745447034328314532020-08-25T04:32:00.001-07:002020-08-25T04:32:08.631-07:00Formation of a Legally Binding Business Contract Essay - 3Arrangement of a Legally Binding Business Contract - Essay Example It is imperative to consider what comprises a substantial offer. There are different articulations which appear offers yet really not offer. A differentiation must be among offer, greeting to offer, an encouragement to treat. Jess publicized a recycled van available to be purchased on a vehicle exchange site for à £2650. This isn't an offer however a unimportant greeting to offer. This implies in the event that anybody shows enthusiasm for the van, Jess holds the privilege of declining to sell it. As found in the given case, Mr. Powell demonstrated enthusiasm for the van however Jess revealed to him that she would sell it if some other client preceded him. The intrigue appeared by Mr. Powell was the real offer however it was not acknowledged by Jess. Jess consented to offer the van to him however she qualified her acknowledgment by saying that she would offer the van to any client that preceded him. A certified acknowledgment is definitely not a substantial acknowledgment which is t he reason they didn't have any understanding yet. Mr. Powell revealed to Jess that he would pay à £450 ahead of time on the off chance that she didn't offer the van to any client for three days. Regularly, when general offers are made, the offeror will undoubtedly save the offer open for a specific offeree. Be that as it may, when an offeree consents to pay a thought for saving the offer open for a specific period, the offeror gets bound to keep it open for the specified period as found in Dickinson v Dodds. Mr. Powell has gotten a guarantee with the thought of à £450 from Jess that she would keep the proposal to offer the van to Mr. Powell open for three days. Presently Jess and Mr. Powell have an understanding that is independent from that of selling of the van. Another significant actuality is that Jessââ¬â¢ greeting to offer transformed into a proposal during this exchange. It is on the grounds that anybody could have made a proposal to Jess before she vowed to keep her offer open. Brayan Ellisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02679540273308153418noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5601452680943409730.post-85506271386487113142020-08-22T03:16:00.001-07:002020-08-22T03:16:04.114-07:00Victim Blaming and Victim Defending Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 wordsCasualty Blaming and Victim Defending - Essay Example By and large, individuals who are incredibly acquainted with victimology don't see the casualty as the one answerable for the crime. Notwithstanding, information about the earlier affinity between the casualty and culprit boosts the impression of casualty fault for cases, for example, spouse battery. Moreover, a large portion of the analysts contend that the casualty isn't really erroneous. Roy Baumeister; a character and social clinician, contends that indicating the victimââ¬â¢s duty can be canny, as opposed to normal explanation of unpleasantness and hostility (Said and Hitchens, 2001). Besides, in these two ideas there are factors, for example, optional exploitation, simply world theory, assault shield laws, sexual virtue and family respect which are of vital significance (Ryan, 1976). These wordings are very regular in relationship to casualty accusing and casualty protecting. According to this case, auxiliary exploitation can be recognized as the retraumatization of the maltreatment casualty through the reaction of the network as a rule. For instance on account of battered ladies, the ladies may be accused. For example, they may be blamed for not going about with regards to the specified rules set by the spouse or in any event, undermining the husband. These are the absolute most regular acts that may trigger the spouse to beat his better half. Consequently, this wonder is recognized as auxiliary exploitation. Assault shield laws have likewise gotten normal as indicated by most locales. These laws are at risk for securing the supposed casualty as for specific wonders. Another normal factor identified with the issue of casualty accusing and shielding is sexual virtue and family respect. This pervasive factor includes social connections in which ladies are generally accused for their unpredictable demonstrations. In conclusion, there is the simply world speculation issue which is likewise pervasive in issues identified with casualty accusing and guarding. This angle depicts the wonder that individuals accept Brayan Ellisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02679540273308153418noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5601452680943409730.post-81982729806789748542020-07-29T03:27:00.001-07:002020-07-29T03:27:03.075-07:00Growth Mindset and Brainology by Carol DweckGrowth Mindset and Brainology by Carol Dweck âMindset change is not about picking up a few pointers here and there. Its about seeing things in a new way. When peoplechange to a growth mindset, they change from a judge-and-be-judged framework to a learn-and-help-learn framework. Their commitment is to growth, and growth take plenty of time, effort, and mutual support.â, Carol S. Dweck, Mindset: The New Psychology of Success. Growth mindset and brainology is an educational project that was instituted by Professor Carol Dweck and made her famous for. This is particularly designed to help students break all boundaries and limits set by negative learning perspectives, while also instilling self-confidence in them. The contribution of Dweckâs research to social psychology is enormous: she explains implicit theories of intelligence, explains the causes of them being affected by subtle environmental cues, how it shapes your mentality towards your abilities, and at last it controls the way you lead and experience your life. Carol Dweck and her brainology article In the brainology article Carol Dweck wrote, she claims that âMany students believe that intelligence is fixed, that each person has a certain amount and thats that. We call this a fixed mindset, and, as you will see, students with this mindset worry about how much of this fixed intelligence they possess. A fixed mindset makes challenges threatening for students (because they believe that their fixed ability may not be up to the task) and it makes mistakes and failures demoralizing (because they believe that such setbacks reflect badly on their level of fixed intelligence). Other students believe that intelligence is something that can be cultivated through effort and education. They dont necessarily believe that everyone has the same abilities, but they do believe that everyone can improve their abilities. In short, students with this growth mindset believe that intelligence is a potential that can be realized through learning. As a result, confronting challenges, profiting from mistakes, and persevering in the face of setbacks become ways of getting smarter.â Dweck goes on to explain through her research of following the academic progress of seventh graders how these two mindsets are created, where different thinking and decisions we make in life come from, if the mindset has influence on our lives and whether we can change the way of thinking. According to Dweck,- it turns out that we can change our mindsets to have a growth mindset if we are aware of the mindset we have now. This can help us to be more successful, teach us of challenging ourselves to reach new heights, never give up and motivate us to do more so to enhance our intelligence. Of course, having a growth mindset encourages learning and effort. If you truly believe you can improve at something, you will be much more driven to learn and practice. More free time? Better grade? Click on this button nowOrder Now So how can you build up and support a growth mindset and attitude? Having a growth attitude is not something conceptual or something no one but others can have. Its an incredible inverse: there are particular things you can do each day to sustain a development attitude. Gain some new useful knowledge consistently. It can be anything, from finding out about how things work, watch educational shows and series, keep on track on news on TV, read as much books as you can (the topicâs variety can be very beneficial here), take part in scientific workshops, seminar or conferences. Get your spare time booked for useful stuff, train your brain, develop yourself and improve each day. Be boundless in exploring new things. Find the activity which would fully engage you. It can be additional classes at school you have never tried before, some online lectures on the topics you are interested in to get yourself assigned to, or hobby sections you might attend with people who share the same interests and have minds alike. Such involvement will bring you to the point of exploring new things and broaden up your horizons in discovering something new and exciting. Encircle yourself with growth oriented individuals. Having people shared the interests of yours would inspire you in doing the things you might be struggling with, you could rely on their help in achieving something you were not able to do previously. Change your perspective of accomplishment. Sometimes we are desperately trying to accomplish something and achieve great results, but in the end, we donât feel that we are happy with what we have, we are not sure if we receive the satisfaction in the end of the process. Well⦠Sometimes it is not about the achievements itself, but it is about the process of getting thing done. Our advice is, instead of believing that achievement is being the best, consider achievement putting forth a valiant effort, and dependably concentrate on enhancing the way you do your work and deal with your self-awareness. Change your comprehension of disappointment. Instead of seeing your disappointments as affirmation of your powerlessness to accomplish something, see a disappointment as a mishap: it can propel, enlightening, even a reminder. The writing of Carol Dweck is very interesting and leaves impression that educating yourself and training your brain is worth trying as our brain capacity is limitless. While reading her work, you can discover how we embrace a specific attitude about our capacities ahead of schedule in life because of messages we get from our condition, guardians, and instructors. So read it, enjoy it and give it a try! Brayan Ellisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02679540273308153418noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5601452680943409730.post-79299041878774242032020-05-22T15:51:00.001-07:002020-05-22T15:51:04.116-07:00Globalization Has Changed Over The World - 1416 Words In the past few decades globalization has been rapidly intensifying, as nation states are being more and more interdependent towards one another culturally, politically and socially, the world has almost become a single network of complex relations between states. Although the definition of Globalization has varied and changed over the years and amongst theorist and scholars, globalization is nothing new, it has occurred since the dawn of time, rather its rate has intensified rapidly due to the advancement of technology. While Martin wolf interprets globalization as a ââ¬Å"â⬠¦journey, but toward an unreachable destination, the globalized world. A globalized economy in which neither distance nor national borders impede economic transactions. A world where the costs of transport and communication were zero and the barriers created by differing national jurisdictions had vanishedâ⬠(Wolf, 2001: 178). An illustration of Wolfs summary for globalization could be interpreted thro ugh the European Union, in which assoicated states agree on the collective notion of democratic values and standards, its single currency Euro and its barrier free immigration policies make up the very essence of what Wolf is implying Globalization as. On the other hand, State Sovereignty is valued through the three fundamental ideas, ââ¬Ëââ¬â¢absolute supremacy over internal affairs within its territory, absolute right to govern its people, and freedom from any external interference in the above mattersâ⬠(Wang, 2004:Show MoreRelatedEssay Nations Should Promote Globalization, Not Localization1078 Words à |à 5 PagesGlobalization and localization are two conflicting trends in international politics today. Globalization is the spread of peoples, activities, norms, ideas, goods, services, and currencies from one area of the world to another. (Rosenau 15) Localization is the narrowing of horizons and the confinement of peoples, activities, norms, ideas, goods, services, a nd currencies to a particular geographic area. 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In Romeo Dallaires writing, Shake Hands with the Devil, he discusses whether or not globalization has a positive impact on our society. I agree with Romeo DallaireRead MoreWe Must Be A Citizen Of A Community Essay1279 Words à |à 6 PagesRecently there has been a large focus placed on events that occur all around the world. Civic concerns are no longer bounded to the land that one lives on. This brings up the idea of thinking globally while acting locally, which refers to when oneââ¬â¢s thinking is not limited to what is directly in front of them. They understand that their actions have implications elsewhere. In order to fully comprehend what it means to think globally and act locally, one must first look at how globalization and hybridity Brayan Ellisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02679540273308153418noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5601452680943409730.post-56411673492011407182020-05-09T14:45:00.001-07:002020-05-09T14:45:03.342-07:00Doréââ¬â¢s Engravings of Punishment of the Avaricious and the... The artist Gustave Dorà © engraved the entire Divine Comedy in wood. One of these 136 engravings is Punishment of the Avaricious and the Prodigal. This piece is an accurate illustration of The Infernoââ¬â¢s Circle Four because it closely follows Danteââ¬â¢s description in the text, it is creative, and it is well illustrated. Dorà ©Ã¢â¬â¢s depiction of Circle Four is accurate because it closely follows Danteââ¬â¢s description in the text. Dante and Virgil enter Circle Four. Dante notices that ââ¬Å"Here the sinners were more numerous than elsewhere, and they, with great shouts, from opposite sides were shoving burdens forward with their chestsâ⬠(Dante 7.25-27). In Dorà ©Ã¢â¬â¢s illustration, the sinners push heavy weights around, and there appears to be a high consistency of people. From what the viewer can see of the sinnersââ¬â¢ faces, they look like they are in pain and struggle. It is important that none of the sinnersââ¬â¢ entire faces are exposed, as the text mentions that part of the punishment in Circle Four is that the sinners are rendered indistinguishable. Dante realizes that he cannot tell who any of the sinners are, and he asks Virgil why this is. Virgil responds: ââ¬Å"The undiscerning life that made them foul now makes them hard to recognizeâ⬠(Dante 7.53-54). Do rà ©Ã¢â¬â¢s illustration precisely reproduces Danteââ¬â¢s imagined Circle Four as seen through his following of the text. Dorà ©Ã¢â¬â¢s illustration of Circle Four is accurate because it is creative. In the illustration, the sinners push bags of money. Nowhere in Brayan Ellisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02679540273308153418noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5601452680943409730.post-46613102485745146662020-05-06T10:17:00.001-07:002020-05-06T10:17:34.902-07:00Employability and Entrepreneurship Free Essays string(172) " depending on the size of the organization and sector and also whether the focus is on selling a product, service or raising awareness of an issue that affects the public\." 1. INTRODUCTION Employability is the combination of factors and processes that enable people to progress towards or get into employment, to stay in employment and to move in the workplace. The purpose of this report is to discuss the opportunities I as a graduate go through after the completion of my degree, what the employers are looking for in an employee, as well as the role marketers or marketing related careers play in enterprises, then finally the knowledge, skills and attitude I have and hope to obtain. We will write a custom essay sample on Employability and Entrepreneurship or any similar topic only for you Order Now I have always wanted to work in the marketing sector so I have compiled analysis of six different companies, which consist of large-scale companies, small, and medium sized companies. I have used a mixture of analysis to compare various methods that can be used to start a career in the marketing sector and also be successful in the field. I have decided to work in the marketing sector because it provides many job opportunities such as personal selling, advertising, packaging, transport, product development and retailing. 2. OCCUPATIONAL RESEARCH This section of the report would examine the factual reflections of the findings from the occupation. 2.1 Terms of reference The purpose of this report is to look at the graduate opportunities in the UK marketing sector. Research will be made on six different organisations in this sector. The main aim is to show what has to be achieved and how to achieve it. 2.2 Methodology The methods used to approach this research were carried out through primary and secondary resources. The primary research was used to exchange e-mails with one of the staffs of Business Monitor International and PKF to clarify some issues. However most of the research done on this report was from information gathered online which is the secondary research such as graduate job websites like prospect, inside careers and also watching some videos on employability. The companiesââ¬â¢ websites were used to get more information. The organizations used in this reportare Standard Life, Glaxo Smith Kline, Akzo nobel corporate, Business monitor international, PKF and Sanofi Aventis. 2.3 Main findings In marketing, there are variety of challenging and interesting job opportunities such as retailing, market research, personal selling and wholesaling. In addition from my findings, there are so many individuals who are employed in non-business organizations that are also engaged in marketing activities. The skills from marketing are used to promote civic, political, cultural and charitable activities, even if an individual earns a living through marketing activities or performs them without compensation in non-business settings, the knowledge and skills gained from marketing are valuable assets. Our highly complex economy relies heavily on marketing activities. The economy produces the profits that are necessary for the growth of individual businesses and also provide health and ultimate survival for the economy as a whole. In essence the general employment trend must be known. According to the survey by BBC, it claims that graduate unemployment rose by 25%. The higher education poli cy institute said in December 2008 the unemployment level rose from 11.9% to 25% among graduates aged under 24. It also said that 17.2% of male graduates were out of work compared with 11.2% of females as at the end of 2009. The report from the institute came a day after a research body had warned that unemployed graduate level could hit record levels as a result of planned public spending cuts. The Higher Education Career Service Unit (HECSU) said that because so many college leavers join the public sector, they were especially vulnerable to cuts. According to the guardian survey, it claims that the unemployment figures are set to rise by 22,000. However those leaving university during the summer face the most difficult job market in more than a decade. There are up to 22,000 more graduate whom are likely to be unemployed this year compared to last figures. The Higher Education Career Service Unit (HECSU) calculated at least one in 10 of this summerââ¬â¢s graduates would not be successful to find a job after six months they leave university, which is equivalent to about 35,000 and 40,000 graduates out of the 350,000 leaving UK universities after first degrees. There are many opportunities for marketing degree holders. There are lots of organisations that are recruiting graduates in marketing or marketing related occupations. According to the Witan Jardine growth statistics marketing opportunities have grown by 47% from last year and experienced growth of 5% over the last quarter. The opportunities in the marketing financial sector grew by 30%, which made an increase of 29% over the last quarter. The media sector roles in marketing for graduates increased by 25% year on year. The professional services marketing roles have soared by 77% compared to January 2006. (Ambition, 2009) Marketing is a very popular career for graduates. Last year, there were 17,000 students who graduated with degrees in marketing, and the research by the Marketing and Sales Standard Setting Body (MSSSB) claims that 580,000 people in the UK are employed in marketing roles. (Inside careers, 2011) There are important roles for graduates in the marketing sector in the future especially those who want to go into retailing. The retail sector is said to accounts for more than 10% of jobs in England. There were 2,777,000 people employed in the retail sector in 2002, the amount of people employed in the retail sector was predicted to rise to 2,869,000 in 2005 and continued growth forecast through to 2012. In 2012 it is predicted that over 250,000 new jobs are expected in this sector. However, there is going to be replacement demand whereby there will be need for new people to replace those leaving the sector is predicted to be five times this figure, with sales and customer service occupations alone needing almost half a million people to replace those leaving the sector (National Guidance Research Forum, 2010). As a marketing graduate your responsibilities can vary depending on the size of the organization and sector and also whether the focus is on selling a product, service or ra ising awareness of an issue that affects the public. You read "Employability and Entrepreneurship" in category "Essay examples" A recent marketing degree holder can play roles in organization such as liaising and networking with wide range of stakeholders like colleagues, customers, partner organizations and suppliers. One could also communicate with his target audience and also managing their customersââ¬â¢ relationships. One can also generate advertising opportunities and placing adverts in the press locally, regional, national and specialist publications or on the radio, depending on the organization and the campaign. As a marketing degree holder, one could ensure there is effective distribution of marketing materials, and also maintain and update customer database. One could also attend and organize events such as seminars, conference, exhibition and receptions. Marketing graduate could organize marketing research such as creating customer questionnaire, focus groups and also contributing to the development of marketing plans and strategies (Prospects, 2009). These jobs are advertised in newspapers and magazines such as marketing week, they can also be found online in job search sites like prospects, graduate-jobs, inside careers etc. Based on the research done on the organisations, there are some key skills, knowledge and experience expected from a marketing graduate. These organisations are looking for people that are highly organized and proactive, with the ability to do different tasks simultaneously to meet deadlines. They are interested in people with the ability to work both independently and in a team environment. A core skill expected is ability to interact and maintain beneficial relationships with other teams across the business. High level of competency in Microsoft office, particularly excel is expected. They also search for people with good skills in leadership with ability to influence without authority in a matrix environment. They are a lso interested in people who have excellent written and verbal communication skills and also those that can speak good English. As a marketing graduate a lot is expected, only in very exceptional circumstances that organisations accept application from people who donââ¬â¢t meet their academic requirements. This means that the applicant has to provide strong justification for why the organisation should accept him/her. The minimum academic criteria expected by their organisations are minimum of at least 280 UCAS points with a first class or 2:1 degree. The selection process is done step by step. It is a chance for the graduate to show the organisation what they are made of and that they have the skills required. The first step is to fill in an online application form. This gives you the chance to tell the organisation a bit about yourself and also include your CV and cover letter. The second step is to take an online verbal and numerical reasoning test. The third step is a telephone interview to discuss your understanding of the role you have applied for. The forth step is to attend an assessment centre to meet members of the organisation. The fifth step is to receive an offer. 3. PERSONAL REFELCTION In this section of the report, I am going to reflect upon and evaluate my current skills, knowledge and experience in relation to the ones required by the organisation I have researched on. 3.1 Personal analysis During the course of my study, I developed some key skills such as working both independently and also as a group. I worked as a group in my coursework that enabled me to play roles like encouraging the group when motivation is low. During my research, I identified that I need good leadership skills. These leadership skills have been achieved as a group leader in university coursework that also enabled mi to take responsibility for the direction and action of the group. I have developed my interpersonal skills, I have also developed skills to be able to use my own initiative as well as problem solving skills. I strongly believe with my academic achievement, skills and experience, I definitely have a career in marketing. 3.2 CV Covering letter My CV and covering letter are addressed to Business monitor international. See appendix 3.3 Gap analysis Gap analysis is the space between where we are and where we want to be. I have developed some skills that I am confident in. I am confident in my team working skills. I have good interpersonal skills especially in the way I carry myself. In general I have most of the skills these organisations are looking for. However, there are some areas that I really need to focus my personal development like my presentation skills; I lack the confidence to speak in public. I also lack a little bit of computing skills such as using Microsoft office excel. I intend on improving the skills that I am weak at by going for public speaking programmes and career fares to improve on my confidence level. I also plan on using self guide on how to use Microsoft excel to improve on my computing skills. 3.4 Career action plan See appendix 6.3 page 11 4. CONCLUSION In conclusion, this research has given me wide range of knowledge about the recent employment trends for graduates in the marketing sector and also more knowledge about different roles and skills required. While I was doing this report, it helped me realise what knowledge and skills I have now. In general, my career action plan would also help me as a guideline to enable me meet my goals. 5. REFERENCES AND BIBILIOGRAPHY Akzo Nobel (2010) What do we look forAvailable at http://www.akzonobel.com/careers/graduates/what_we_look_for/index.aspx [Accessed 15th march 2011] Ambition (2008) Marketing Sales Recruitment Trends, Available at http://www.ambition.co.uk/sales-marketing-jobs/recruitment-trends.asp [Accessed 19th march 2011] BBC (2010) Graduate unemployment rate rises 25%, Available at http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10500124 [Accessed 20th march 2011] Business Monitor International (2011) Employment listing, Available at https://www5jh.openhire.com/epostings/submit.cfm?fuseaction=app.jobinfojobid=173530company_id=1005source=ONLINEJobOwner=992284bycountry=1bystate=0bylocation=GB%2Ekeywords=byCat=38747tosearch [Accessed 14th march 2011] Glaxo Smith Kline (2010) Experienced hires: search and apply, Available at http://www.gsk.com/careers/uk-saa-jobsearch.htm [Accessed 15th march 2011] Inside career (2011) skills required for marketing, Available at http://www.insidecareers.co.uk/__802574D800556E37.nsf/id/7nwndntden!opendocument [Accessed 20th march 2011] National Guidance Research Forum (2010) LMI future trends, Available at http://www.guidance-research.org/future-trends/retail/info/futureemp [Accessed 20th march 2011] PKF accountants and business advisers (2010) The PKF experience, Available at http://www.pkf.co.uk/pkf/careers/work_experience/home [Accessed 15th march 2011] Prospects (2009). Marketing executive: Job description and activities, Available at http://ww2.prospects.ac.uk/p/types_of_job/marketing_executive_job_description.jsp [Accessed 22nd march Sanofi Aventis (2010). Job Details, Available at http://www24.i-grasp.com/fe/tpl_sanofiaventis01.asp?s=bkMjPUrEcTFkHhTczjobid=54551,2221122152key=12073363c=865256627269pagestamp=sewfxdjbvkssyzdycm [Accessed 22nd march 2011] Standard life (2011) sales and marketing, Available at http://www.standardlife.com/careers/graduates/grad_sales_marketing.html [Accessed 15th march 2011] The guardian (2009) Graduate unemployment figures set to rise by 22,000, Available at http://www.guardian.co.uk/education/2009/jul/02/graduate-unemployment-rise-recession-jobs [Accessed 20th march 2011] How to cite Employability and Entrepreneurship, Essay examples Brayan Ellisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02679540273308153418noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5601452680943409730.post-89989938938759888082020-04-28T21:34:00.001-07:002020-04-28T21:34:02.779-07:00Traditional Markets and Digital Markets Essay ExampleTraditional Markets and Digital Markets Essay 1. Definition on Traditional Markets and Digital Markets4 A. What is Traditional Markets? 5 B. What is Digital Markets? 5 2. Advantages of Traditional Markets6 3. Disadvantages of Traditional Markets7 4. Advantages of Digital Markets8 5. Disadvantages of Digital Markets9 6. Conclusion10 7. References11 Compare and contrast traditional markets with digital markets Definition of Traditional Markets and Digital Markets Traditional markets : Traditional market is a physical market brings buyers and sellers together in the same location and a medium that allows buyers and sellers of a specific good or service to interact in order to make an exchange. It is a product-based and formal. This kind of market is traditionally operating, and countless such markets are still in operation around the whole world. Digital markets : Digital market is a market that do not have a physical operation between the process of buying and selling otherwise using the non-physical markets ( internet or electronic markets) In digital markets, buyers can purchase goods and services through virtual market. In digital market, the buyers and sellers do not meet or interact physically, but the transaction process is done through internet. Examples- eBay , air tickets. What is Traditional Markets We will write a custom essay sample on Traditional Markets and Digital Markets specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Traditional Markets and Digital Markets specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Traditional Markets and Digital Markets specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Traditional markets are physical retail markets, and can be local markets or shopping centers and shopping malls, labor markets, international currency and commodity markets, stock markets, for the exchange of shares in corporations, illegal markets such as the market for illicit drugs, arms or pirated products. Traditional markets are preferred by most people because it provide the functions of touch, feel, visual, and more reliable. For example, importing a car from oversea buyers may like to see whether it has ny invisible damages or conditions though car sales centers( traditional market) allows to test drive and check until satisfied. Traditional market is simple, in exchanging the goods and service with money or goods and service in physically, two parties will be meet or connect physically ( including telephone and emails), the main fact is that two parties interact about the deals physically. What is Digital Markets Digital markets is deviate from the physical market with usi ng non-physical medium like internet. Digital market is start blooming when the information technology become more advanced and secure. Electronic markets make people more easier, save time and money( eg. transportation cost). But it still has a disadvantages like fraud, unseen, spam which can be effect to the trust of buyers and sellers. Digital market is based on the electronic markets like websites, virtual markets and auctions. Participants needs to have a general knowledge of computer to use well and avoid any incidents, are basically posted about goods and services with picture or sounds followed by price and it is seem similar to put a goods into a shelf in the market. Purchaser will made a payment using online transaction or notes. Advantages of Traditional Markets à ¬The advantages of traditional markets are- Physical: Traditional markets have a physical on the goods and service which can easily seen by the purchasers and persuade. This enable the business to be easily identify by customers. It also helps in building trust with customers by having a physical shop. Trust and user resistance: Consumers do not usually trust an faceless seller which they do not know but traditional markets allow consumers to interact with seller like bargain, choosing and checking the products. Product contact: Traditional markets allows consumers to touch and feel physically, sometime customers like to touch items such as clothes and like to know exactly what they are buying. Social : Participants can be feel and fulfill their psychological needs like shopping with sightseeing, enjoying the environment, socializing with people at market. Relationships: Usually worked for some time, traditional retailers have that asset that often cannot be bought like relationships between purchaser and seller. Many online retailers have to build these relationships from scratch nd may never be able to match those of the traditional markets Disadvantages of Traditional Markets The advantages of traditional markets are- More Cost: There will be more extra cost depends on the numbers of stuffs that involved to do the work. And that cost will be added to the basic selling price of the goods and service. As the salaries, renting costs, and expense are getting high, it can be a challenge for th e traditional market to run in long-term. Less choices: This can be problem because it may not have all the goods and services that needed by consumer in one place. Or may be out of stock. Inconvenience: It will be about the opening hours, size of the market, etc. Example, one want to shop and buy closely in the shop which is only open in his/her working hour, it will become a barrier. And for disable person shopping around big markets and shopping centers is totally difficult. Offer only in specific place: If the one who is far away from the market wants to shop and buy, this will be a loss for market because he/she cannot make a purchase. Advantages of Digital Markets The advantages of digital markets are- Easy to access: Internet/ websites can be available anywhere, work, home, etc. It enhance the convenience and reduce the shopping cost. Reduced Cost: Significantly cuts down the cost associated with marketing, customer care, processing, information storage and inventory management. Electronic commerce reduces the burden of infrastructure of businesses like physical store setups and raises the amount of funds available for profitable investment Effective: Gives the customers the opportunity to look for cheaper and quality products, consumers can easily research on a product and find out the original manufacturer to purchase a product at a much cheaper price than that charged by the wholesaler. More choices: Online commerce also offers buyers a wider range of products and services to choose from, as opposed to conventional shopping, without the carrying around heavy shopping bags and getting stuck in traffic jams, which likely to be more convenient and time-saving. Reviews: People also reviews posted by other customers, about the products purchased from a particular e-commerce site, which can help make purchasing decisions. Disadvantages of Digital Markets Security : There are many fraud and spam at internet. Many of visitors will not want to use their credit card to make a purchase. The fear of having credit card info stolen is a clear and present danger in the minds of visitors. No product contact: it is not suitable for goods like food items. People may prefer to shop in the old way than to use e-commerce for purchasing food products and other products that need to be felt and touched before purchasing. Returning: Returning the product and getting a refund can be even more difficult and time-consuming than traditional market, in case consumers are not satisfied with a purchased product. Lack of trust: People will not feels secure to make a purchase from a dealer who is faceless, unknown identity, no evidence. Internet is not fully used by all people in the world: Internet has still not touched the lives of a great number of people, either due to the lack of knowledge or trust. Conclusion Overall, Traditional and Digital Markets both have their advantages and disadvantages. All of these markets still use all over the world. And in these days, people are getting used to internet to make their purchases which benefit in saving time by avoid going to the store. Advantages of e-commerce have the potential to be more in the disadvantages. A proper strategy to solve the technical issues and to build customers trust in the system can change the present problems and help digital markets adapt to the changing needs of the world. References Blackwell, J. (2007) Overview of Traditional Marketing. [online] Available at: http://ezinearticles. com/? Overview-of-Traditional-Marketing=3741281236 [Accessed: 27 Feb 2013]. Econsultancy (2013) Future of Digital Marketing. [online] Available at: http://econsultancy. om/my/events/fodmdk [Accessed: 27 Feb 2013]. En. wikipedia. org (n. d. ) Market Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. [online] Available at: http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Market [Accessed: 27 Feb 2013]. En. wikipedia. org (2009) Digital marketing Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. [online] Available at: http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Digital_marketing [Accessed: 27 Feb 2013]. Jcizzo. com (n. d. ) Traditional Commerce. [online] Available at: http:// jcizzo. com/the-traditional-commerce. html [Accessed: 27 Feb 2013]. Brayan Ellisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02679540273308153418noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5601452680943409730.post-85882147243722714952020-03-20T07:14:00.001-07:002020-03-20T07:14:03.879-07:00Adventure Trek A Partnership Of Three Persons Tourism Essay ExampleAdventure Trek A Partnership Of Three Persons Tourism Essay Example Adventure Trek A Partnership Of Three Persons Tourism Essay Adventure Trek A Partnership Of Three Persons Tourism Essay Adventure Trek a partnership of three individuals, will be a young person summer cantonment in Malaysia. The cantonment is designed entirely for kids and teens between the ages of 10 and 17 old ages old. The focal point is merely be on holding merriment but besides on assisting childs to larn about the importances of populating a healthy active life style every bit good as aid in the development of kids and teens by supplying an environmentally friendly environment in which the kids can farther develop their outdoor accomplishments. Adventure Trek is non your traditional weight loss cantonment because it combines the attempts to acquire immature people active together with fun developmental activities to promote childs to appreciate the value of acquiring back to the out-of-doorss for merriment. It is surprisingly fun yet effectual. The cantonment will be located on the West side of Malaysia in a town called Port Dickson which boasts 18km s of white flaxen beach. At the cantonment childs can bask a broad assortment of interesting activities from out-of-doorss to indoors for illustration snorkelling, stone mounting, obstruction class, jungle trekking, swimming/ H2O athleticss, gym, dance categories ( These will be farther discussed in 2.3 ) . Each kid is given the chance to seek out new, merriment and adventuresome activities which will assist them accomplish the end of acquiring physically active and cultivating engagement of squad edifice. The operating hours and yearss of the cantonment will be all twelvemonth unit of ammunition except the month of Ramadan in August and September. During this clip it will be the camp staff s vacation and the cantonment will be closed for an one-year deferral. In Malaya it is slightly different when it comes to school vacations as there are no long summer vacation for the public schools. There are a sum of 78 yearss vacation throughout the twelvemonth ( Ministry of instruction, 2010 ) The cantonment evidences will include installations such as a immense athleticss field suiting assorted activities, a 25m swimming pool and an outside paintball sphere. A monolithic diversion hall will be the common country, which will house the kitchen and eating country, staff offices including the ill bay, public country lavatories every bit good as a phase country for activities such as dance categories or executing humanistic disciplines. A mounting wall, obstruction class, and a tree swing can besides be found on the cantonment evidences. The Camp will besides be run in an environmentally sound and responsible mode ( Further information is found in 2.2 product/ services ) . Rationale for development of the concern Malayan society has changed alot over the past few decennaries every bit good as Malaysia is besides going more urbanized which necessarily brings about assorted signifiers of population alterations. Such alterations are besides related to the alterations in the Malaysians wellness. One noticeable alteration is in the diet of the Malaysian population which has become more and more like that of Westerners which has resulted in higher rates of overweight/ fleshiness which contributes to the many diseases ( bosom A ; circulative disease, diabetes etc. ) which they suffer from ( Lit, 2010 ) . When reading the newspapers there are now more articles on overweight/ fleshiness and the increasing wellness tendencies to assist contend this issue. A recent statement made by the Health Minister Datuk Seri Liow Tiong Lai said that fleshiness is going the major wellness issue with the figure of corpulent people about trebling in the past 15 old ages from four per cent in 1996 to 14 per cent in 2010 ( Simon, 2010 ) . This includes childhood fleshiness which is already an epidemic in Malaysia, with a study ( after a big graduated table survey was conducted in 2000 ) of 11 % of kids between the ages of six and twelve were fleshy and 6 % were corpulent ( Chin, 2007 ) . It is no secret that Malaysia is good known for its broad assortment of nutrients and the fact that Malaysians love their nutrient ; nevertheless unhealthy picks are frequently made due to clip restraints or convenience. Children are exposed to fast nutrients and influenced by their seniors eating wonts, alternatively of proper place cooked alimentary repasts they are given a diet of unhealthy and high degrees of proteins, fat, sugar and salt every bit good as they are non encouraged to make regular exercising ( Lit, 2010 ) The Governments engagement in advancing a healthy life style to Malaysians could be an advantage to this concern because it could ship on the promotional run or be a signifier of support to the Government. Therefore from the above research it is apparent that such an constitution will assist contend the lifting conflict against child fleshiness in Malaysia and contribute to the universe broad thrust against it. This young person cantonment will be both educational and good to assisting cut down the hazard of fleshiness through physical activity and sound nutrition every bit good as conveying something new to Malaysians. Product/ Service Description Adventure Trek will be able to suit 100 campers ab initio nevertheless this figure will turn as the cantonment does, the same goes for the figure of activities as clip goes on the cantonment will go on to spread out and add more and more activities. First the cantonment is for childs and teens between the ages of 8 and 17 old ages old, due to the noticeable fleshiness addition in kids and teens between these ages ( Ismail A ; Vickneswary, 1999 ; Ismail A ; Tan, 1998 cited in Sidik A ; Ahmad, 2004, pg 2 ) . The cantonment will run during all the school vacations for a longer stay and so weekends it will suit those who are interested in shorter corsets. When it is non holiday season, the cantonment will still be unfastened and schools will be invited to fall in in the merriment as portion of their school Tourss, this will busy the hebdomad yearss or weekends. As antecedently mentioned the cantonment is closed during the Ramadan fasting month which takes topographic point during the month of August to September each twelvemonth. The adjustment at Adventure Trek will be long houses for campers ; these are Malayan traditional houses which will be divided for misss and male childs individually, and including the bathrooms. The houses will hold electric mercantile establishments, storage infinite every bit good as bunk beds for kiping which assistance in maximizing the usage of infinite, nevertheless kids are to convey their ain bedclothes and towels. Each long house will suit up to a upper limit of 25 campers every bit good as infinite for one counselor to oversee at dark. Meals at the cantonment will be good balanced and alimentary and the bill of fare will be designed by a qualified dietician who is employed on a portion clip footing to revise bill of fare programs and look into on readyings. The cantonment accommodates specific dietetic demands every bit good as vegetarians and all repasts will be Halaal ( Refer to Appendix XX for a sample bill of fare ) At Adventure Trek there is no clip for ennui because there are a figure of activities of all sorts to maintain campers happy and active. First the land activities will include the undermentioned. An obstruction class which includes a mounting wall, this activity is a great manner of acquiring campers active and develops squad work and spirit. Campers, depending on the size, will be grouped with a counselor and each group will vie against each other. Jungle trekking another good signifier of physical activity which besides gets campers involved in nature and appreciate their milieus. There is besides a gym for campers to utilize and during the stay, little groups will be assigned a specific clip to travel in and utilize the gym for 20 30 proceedingss. Whilst one group is at gym the others will fall in in the dance classes or take portion in field games like association football or rugger. During the vacation periods when campers will normally remain for longer periods and if possible the cantonment will seek invite guest talkers to give a short but motivational and educational addresss to the campers and hopefully this AIDSs in advancing healthier lifestyles.. The immense pool is non merely for chilling off but games like H2O Polo can be played. The beach activities will include, cricket, fusillade ball, sand palace competitions. Sea athleticss such as organic structure surfing or boogie embarkation, swimming or snorkelling will be enjoyed by campers when traveling to the beach. Night activities will be kept to a minimum as the yearss are long and filled with really physically active activities therefore campers need their remainder at dark. However there will be some activities at dark such as a cantonment fire dark or BBQ portion darks, hoarded wealth and scavenger Hunts, play skits where groups are assigned a subject and they need to execute a drama based on that subject. These activities are more focussed on squad work and let campers to acquire to cognize each other better and mingle. There is a good mix of land, H2O and escapade activities for all campers to bask and profit from every twenty-four hours all twenty-four hours. Campers are divided into groups upon reaching and assigned two cantonment counselors ( male A ; Female ) who are with them from their reaching to their going, they portion take in activities and slumber in the several cabin to oversee campers. ( Refer to appendix XXX for a typical twenty-four hours at Adventure Trek for campers ) Designation of Market Niche The mark markets for the cantonment are kids and teens from the ages of 8-17.This is because there has been a noticeable fleshiness addition in kids between the ages of 7-10 and 13-17 old ages old and great focal point has been place on turn toing the issue of child fleshiness ( Ismail A ; Vickneswary, 1999 ; Ismail A ; Tan, 1998 cited in Sidik A ; Ahmad, 2004, pg 2 ) . The cantonment will be located on the West of Malaysia in Port Dickson but unfastened to the whole of Malaysia every bit good as neighboring states, aiming largely those urban and suburban countries. By looking at the age construction of the population in Appendix XXX statistics, we know that the bulk of population is between 15 to 64 old ages and there is a good per centum of 15 old ages and below ( to supply ages 10-15years old ) . Thus my cantonment will aim the ages 8 until 17 old ages old as it is a young person cantonment with the purpose to assist cut down kid and adolescent fleshiness. The cantonment will a im those kids and teens of center to upper category households who have more of a disbursement power including that of exiles shacking in Malaysia who have kids and teens and it is normally those kids from the urban countries who are exposed to such bad eating wonts ( Lit, 2010 ) . Mission Statement At Adventure Camp the mission is to supply a merriment, safe and adventuresome environment for campers to acquire physically active every bit good as better on ego development. It is besides our mission to be known as the best young person cantonment in Asia. This will be made possible with the friendly, enthusiastic and difficult working staff employed, every bit good as the greatly designed day-to-day activity agendas. The tag line for Adventure Camp will be: Where the escapade begins and the merriment neer stops! Market Environment Environmental Scan It is of import to make an environmental scan in order to place all the factors that might impact the constitution of Adventure Trek as they will convey about either chances or menaces. The usage of PESTEL is the most common tool for measuring the macro environment ( Johnson et al. , 2008 ) . ( Refer to appendices XXX for farther inside informations ) SWOT Analysis SWOT ANALYSIS Strengths: First there is no other cantonment like this in Malaysia and so it has the strength that it has no direct competition. There is a clear market niche and based on the demographics the figure of kids aged 15years and below make up 27.2 % of the population and there is a good birth rate in Malaysia ( index mundi, 2010 and Department of Statistics Malaysia, 2010 ) . Partnership which includes one proprietor with a Degree in Hospitality Industry Management, has knowledge in Events and PR industry every bit good as a Certified TESOL English Language Teacher, other two proprietors have concern accomplishments and old ages of working experience. Equally good as a partnership allows for a easier set up every bit good as it increases the sum of capital and spreads the work burden. Failings: The cost to put up the cantonment is high. Environmentalism and its restraints. Opportunities: Health related field has a possible due to the societal economic alterations in Malaysia.Today s people are going more wellness witting therefore a turning wellness sector. Will raise the consciousness of fleshiness and hopefully derive the Governments support. Recovery in the economic system. Low cost of local labor and unemployment rate at 5 % Partnership allows for enlargement and the figure of spouses are limitless. Menaces: First clip concern proprietor ( myself Bronwyn ) therefore a deficiency of concern accomplishments or experience. Children over the age of 16 may desire to travel to a gym instead than go to a fat loss cantonment and the ignorance of people believing that fleshiness is non a critical issue or parents experiencing ashamed that their kids are corpulent therefore non directing them to the cantonment. Adventure touristry, Theme or H2O Parkss pose as competition. Turning fast-food industry, which influence and encourages kids to eat unhealthily. The states GDP growing and the planetary menace of recession. Marketing Aims Adventure Trek aims to accomplish a interruption even net income within XX old ages. Aim to hold XXX campers in the first twelvemonth. 75 % of Campers should be satisfied with their cantonment experience and at least 40 % will return. Increase the consciousness of fleshiness amongst kids and teens by 80 % in one twelvemonth. Be one of the top three picks amongst kids and teens for physical activity besides school and extracurricular activities. Marketing Mix Strategy The generic scheme to be used for the cantonment is a distinction scheme without monetary value premium, which provides merchandises or services that offer benefits different from rivals and are widely valued by purchasers ( Johnson et al. , 2008 pg 225 A ; 229 ) . Merchandise Adventure Trek is a young person cantonment which caters to kids from 10-17 year old, with a figure of physical outdoor and indoor activities. Its characteristics include stay over s for campers supplying comfy adjustment, bathrooms, alimentary repasts and many merriment and physical activities. The advantage is that it is a convenient manner for childs to acquire physically active every bit good as assist them to larn to populate a healthier lifestyle all in one topographic point. It enables them to do new friends and larn how to farther develop themselves and larn how to take portion in squad edifice activities. The benefit of go toing this cantonment is that it is fun and effectual every bit good as a good bonding experience for kids that leaves them experiencing good all unit of ammunition and encourages a healthier life style and better interaction. This is non your regular childs cantonment or merriment park because it is a topographic point where kids non merely have fun but l arn how to develop themselves through the different challenging and educational activities which enable them to larn more about themselves, forcing their bounds and interacting together with many other kids from all walks of life, Therefore it is clear Adventure Camp sets itself apart from any possible rivals. Monetary value Not certain yet as financials are confounding me! Promotion Purposes: To do 50 % of the parents and their kids in and around Port Dickson aware of the cantonment Make each visit a memorable one. Educate and instil a healthier lifestyle determinations in kids and teens, promoting them to portion take in at least 1 physical activity per twenty-four hours. Encourage at least 25 % of campers to return. Communication Channelss: In order to accomplish the promotional aims the undermentioned mix of promotional tools will be used. ( Refer to 2.5 for the promotional tactics and programmes ) Advertising- Newspapers, Magazines, circulars. Website Place/ Distribution Adventure Trek will be located in Port Dickson, a big municipality with about 90 000 occupants which is situated an hr from Kuala Lumpur. It is a celebrated and beautiful tourer finish particularly for the environing metropoliss to get away to on weekends due to the 18km stretch of white flaxen beaches ( Wikipedia, 2010 ) . This is the perfect location which is cardinal to the capital Kuala Lumpur where a big part of the targeted markets will come from every bit good as neighboring are Malacca and Penang, and so it is easy for kids to go to the cantonment whether it be for holidaies or weekends. Port Dickson besides provides a save and clean beach for some of the activities offered at Adventure Trek therefore doing it a desirable location. There are no distribution channels because Adventure Trek is a physical location where kids come to us to bask our services, nevertheless the web site will be available to do engagements and acquire an expression at what the cantonment has to offer . Peoples At Adventure Trek it is indispensable to hold the right people, with the right experience at the right topographic point and the right clip because without them the cantonment would non be successful. Camp counselors need to be enthusiastic, vivacious and surpassing with a acute involvement in physical activity both indoor and out-of-door including swimming. In order to obtain such a dynamic squad the Human Resource section demands to first set up the company s policies and processs in line with the missions statement. Items such as frock codifications, work environment, the civilization etc should be established. Then the organisations benefits construction and program should be created followed by placing the figure of staff needed. Once this figure is decided on, a enlisting program needs to be created every bit good as implemented and carried through to choice, merely so can an effectual preparation process take topographic point ( eHow, 2010 ) . ( More on the HRM can be found i n the subdivision 3.0 ) Procedure The service at Adventure Trek will be standardised. More information can be found in subdivision 4.4 and 4.5. Physical The cantonments physical environment: Decoration The focal point is non on how the environment looks more on the activities but to guarantee campers feel comfy in their milieus therefore the cantonments decor will be kept simple and the usage of bright happy colors on and in the chief edifice. The cabins will stay reliable with no pigment added to keep that existent log cabin feel. There will besides be alot of natural exuberant verdure around the cantonment adding coloring material to the cantonment. Furniture Furniture at the cantonment will besides be kept simple yet comfy. Inside the cabins wooden sand traps will be for the campers to kip on every bit good as some storage infinite for them to maintain their properties. The canteen country for feeding will be furnished with normal trestle tabular arraies with stackable chairs, this manner they can be multipurpose and moved about every bit good as easy to clean and keep. Positioning Statement Adventure Trek offers a alone service that is fun yet effectual and neer done earlier in Malaysia, targeted to kids and teens ages 10-17 old ages old that are non really active or have a weight job or merely childs looking to hold merriment. 2.5 Tacticss and Programs Given that Adventure Trek is a new concern the usage of a assortment of promotional and communicating tools would be the best option in order to accomplish the selling aims. Methods: Ad will be the chief promotional tool used on an on-going footing in order to inform, persuade and remind clients from the start and as clip base on ballss. First in order to present and inform the mark market about the constitution of the cantonment circulars will be printed and distributed a month before the gap of the cantonment. These circulars will include information such as what is Adventure Trek, the location, clip, and how to register every bit good as, mentioning those interested to the chief web site every bit good as a contact. These circulars will be sent to some of the schools in Port Dickson every bit good as distribute in shopping promenades in Port Dickson, Kuala Lumpur, Malacca, and Penang on weekends during peak times. The circulars will besides be converted into postings which are larger and these will be sent to schools in Port Dickson, Malacca and Kuala Lumpur, aiming chiefly the international schools which are made up of a mix of Malayan including aliens. A 2nd batch of circulars will be made up one time the cantonment opens and these will once more be distributed in the assorted towns shopping promenades. A intelligence release will be in the paper prior to the gap, with periodical advertizements placed in the newspapers. ( See appendix XX for farther item on timing ) . A comprehensive web site will besides be up and running prior to opening and from so on available 365days a twelvemonth 24/7. We will besides advance our service to the Ministry of Health and hopefully they can hold infirmaries and specializers refer kids and teens to us who are enduring from weight/ fleshiness related jobs. Selling Budget The entire selling budget is estimated at RM xxxx per twelvemonth. ( Refer to appendices xxx for a full interruption down ) Management Plan Business Structure Adventure Trek will be a partnership which is when two or more persons join together and make up ones mind to unite capital and work. The spouses are all joint proprietors of the concern and therefore portion the net incomes every bit good as hazards ( inverstorwords, 2010 ) . In the instance of Adventure Trek there will be three spouses every bit joined to get downing up and running the concern. This will assist with distributing non merely the hazard but every bit good as the work burden and increase the sum of capital invested. Management Structure, Function and Rational Initially the squad at Adventure Trek will be little nevertheless a diverse clump who are capable of executing multiple undertakings. For a full account of the administration including a chart please refer to Appendices XXX. Forces and Remuneration Policies As described in subdivision 2.4 under people, Adventure Trek will hold a policy and processs manual for all staff members that will clearly sketch the companies civilization, the work environment, the hours of work, frock codification, benefits, regulations and ordinances. Adventure Trek is a merriment and adventuresome environment which incorporates a multicultural work force from all walks of life. The on the job hours are long nevertheless it is a honoring occupation for those who are truly committed to their function. The employment process at Adventure Trek begins with placing the staff needs at the cantonment. Once these are determined a recruitment process will take topographic point get downing with occupation posters in newspapers and on the web site every bit good as headhunting. Once an equal figure of appliers are received the questioning procedure can take topographic point which is carried out by the three directors followed by the choice procedure. Campaigners need to run into the making specified in the occupation stations. After the choice procedure counselors will undergo a four twenty-four hours intensive preparation class which will fit them with the necessary accomplishments to execute good at the cantonment. Staff are continuously monitored and assessed each twelvemonth on their public presentation. Sing the benefits for employees, Adventure Trek has fixed monthly wages for staff members. They besides receive benefits such as repasts provided ; counselors are provided adjustment whilst on responsibility. ( Refer to appendix XX for a dislocation of wages ) . Creditor A ; debitor policies with clear principle Operationss Plan Location Adventure Trek will be located in Port Dickson a beautiful attractive force merely outside of Kuala Lumpur. It has an 18km stretch of white sandy beach which makes it the ideal topographic point for the cantonment ( mention to Appendix XX for the location Map and land ) . The lease is estimated at RM15, 000 per month for a 2.5 acre piece of land located on the beach. The land is located on Jalan Pantai, Mukim Pasir Panjang, Negeri Sembilan. Equipment Needed Adventure Trek has a high initial start up cost and equipment costs. The entire cost of equipment for the full cantonment is estimated at RM80,000 and the building costs at RM220,000.For a complete list of equipments and building costs please mention to appendix Thirty Standard Operational Procedures Key point of services for phone calls or walk in s: The phone should merely pealing a upper limit of three times before being answered and walk in clients should be attended to instantly before being ask to take a place. Customers are to be asked how they can be helped. Over the phone employees are to stay unagitated and gracious. If its face to face they should keep oculus contact and smiling at the clients every bit good as remain unagitated and gracious. Ensure that the clients questions are answered or a valid answer is given. The name, telephone and electronic mail reference is to be taken down of all calls and walk in clients. Employee should ever stop the conversation with thank you, adieus and bask your twenty-four hours Immediately take attention of any questions or affairs after the client has left. Selling method and hard currency up process Adventure Trek will accept hard currency, checks every bit good as recognition cards for all minutess. And the appointive secretaries or the directors will manage the banking processs weekly in order to maintain a good record of incoming gross revenues. No hard currency will be left on the cantonment after hours in order to cut down any hazards. Entree to website Adventure Treks web site is really of import as it is one of the promotional tools every bit good as a manner for clients to post questions and derive information about the cantonment. Thus the web site needs to be monitored daily by the directors every bit good as secretaries who need to look into for any new questions and respond to them within a upper limit of 48hours. Customers will besides be able to do reserves to go to the cantonment therefore it s of import that the secretaries closely monitor their electronic mails as to look out for any new reserves which they will be alerted by electronic mail. The web site is besides a good manner of detecting any feedback from campers and visitants to the web site. Reservations Reservations are strongly recommended to clients instead than walk Immigration and Naturalization Services as it may be let downing should they come without a reserve merely to larn the cantonment is to the full booked. Reservations are handled by the secretaries on responsibility. A signifier is to be filled up when a reserve is made, whether it is face to face over the phone or on the web site ( which will supply an electronic signifier to be filled up and submitted ) . It will besides function as the enrollment signifier for the camper, including all the necessary of import inside informations of both the camper and their defender. Ailments Should any ailments arise thy will instantly be attended to by either one of the directors. And action will be taken should the guilty party prevarication within Adventure Trek. Quality Assurance Procedures Brayan Ellisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02679540273308153418noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5601452680943409730.post-68109059475189628362020-03-03T22:58:00.001-08:002020-03-03T22:58:03.478-08:00Frankenstein Quotes ExplainedFrankenstein Quotes Explained The following Frankenstein quotes address the novels key themes, including the pursuit of knowledge, the power of nature, and human nature. Discover the meaning of these important passages, as well as how each quote connects to the novels broader themes. Quotes About Knowledge It was the secrets of heaven and earth that I desired to learn; and whether it was the outward substance of things or the inner spirit of nature and the mysterious soul of man that occupied me, still my inquiries were directed to the metaphysical, or in it highest sense, the physical secrets of the world. (Chapter 2) This statement is made by Victor Frankenstein at the start of the novel as he recounts his childhood to Captain Walton. The passage is significant for outlining the main obsession Frankensteins life: achieving intellectual enlightenment. This ambition, combined with a desire for glory, is Frankensteins driving force, motivating him to excel in his studies at university and later to create the monster. Yet, we later learn, the fruits of this labor are rotten. Frankenstein is horrified by his creation, and in turn the monster kills everyone that Frankenstein loves. Thus, Shelley seems to be asking whether such an ambition is a worthwhile goal, and whether such knowledge is truly enlightening. The ââ¬Å"secretsâ⬠mentioned in this passage continue to appear throughout the novel. In fact, much of Frankenstein revolves around the secrets of life- things that are hard or impossible to understand. While Frankenstein discovers the physical and metaphysical secrets, his creation is obsessed with more philosophical secrets of life: what is the meaning of life? What is the purpose? Who are we? The answers to these questions are left unsolved. So much has been done, exclaimed the soul of Frankenstein - more, far more, will I achieve; treading in the steps already marked, I will pioneer a new way, explore unknown powers, and unfold to the world the deepest mysteries of creation. (Chapter 3) In this quote, Frankenstein describes his experience at university. He personifies his soul- ââ¬Å"the soul of Frankensteinâ⬠- and claims that his soul told him he would discover the secrets of the world. This quote plainly lays out Frankensteins ambition, his hubris, and his ultimate downfall. Frankenstein seems to suggest that his desire to be the greatest pioneer of science is an innate characteristic and a predetermined fate, thus removing any responsibility over his actions. Frankensteins desire to push beyond the limits of humanity is a flawed goal that sets him on a path of misery. As soon as the creature is completed, Frankensteins beautiful dream turns into a deformed, hideous reality. Frankensteins achievement is so disturbing that he runs away from it immediately. The die is cast; I have consented to return if we are not destroyed. Thus are my hopes blasted by cowardice and indecision; I come back ignorant and disappointed. It requires more philosophy than I possess to bear this injustice with patience. (Chapter 24) Captain Walton writes these lines in a letter to his sister at the close of the novel. After listening to Frankensteinââ¬â¢s tale, and faced with an unrelenting storm, he decides to return home from his expedition. This conclusion demonstrates that Walton has learned from Frankensteins story. Walton was once an ambitious man in search of glory like Frankenstein. Yet through Frankensteinââ¬â¢s tale, Walton realizes the sacrifices that come with discovery, and he decides to prioritize his own life and the lives of his crew members over his mission. Although he says that he is filled with ââ¬Å"cowardiceâ⬠and that he comes back ââ¬Å"disappointedâ⬠and ââ¬Å"ignorant,â⬠this ignorance is what saves his life. This passage returns to the theme of enlightenment, reiterating that the singleminded search for enlightenment makes a peaceful life impossible. Quotes About Nature I remembered the effect that the view of the tremendous and ever-moving glacier had produced upon my mind when I first saw it. It had then filled me with a sublime ecstasy, that gave wings to the soul, and allowed it to soar from the obscure world to light and joy. The sight of the awful and majestic in nature had indeed always the effect of solemnizing my mind and causing me to forget the passing cares of life. I determined to go without a guide, for I was well acquainted with the path, and the presence of another would destroy the solitary grandeur of the scene. (Chapter 10) In this quote, Frankenstein details his solitary trip to Montanvert to grieve the death of his brother William. The ââ¬Å"sublimeâ⬠experience of being alone in the harsh beauty of the glaciers calms Frankenstein. His love for nature and the perspective it provides is invoked throughout the novel. Nature reminds him that he is just a man, and therefore powerless to the great forces of the world. This ââ¬Å"sublime ecstasyâ⬠gives Frankenstein a kind of enlightenment wholly different from the scientific knowledge he sought through chemistry and philosophy. HIs experiences in nature are not intellectual, but rather emotional and even religions, allowing his soul to ââ¬Å"soar from the obscure world to light and joy.â⬠He is reminded here of natureââ¬â¢s ultimate power. The ââ¬Å"tremendous and ever-moving glacierâ⬠is more permanent than humankind will ever be; this reminder calms Frankensteins anxiety and grief. Nature allows him to experience the transcendence he hoped he would find in his search for true knowledge. Quotes About Humanity These thoughts exhilarated me and led me to apply with fresh ardour to the acquiring the art of language. My organs were indeed harsh, but supple; and although my voice was very unlike the soft music of their tones, yet I pronounced such words as I understood with tolerable ease. It was as the ass and the lap-dog; yet surely the gentle ass whose intentions were affectionate, although his manners were rude, deserved better treatment than blows and execration. (Chapter 12) In this quote, the creature relays part of his story to Frankenstein. The creature compares his experience in the De Lacey cottage to the fable of the ass and the lap-dog, in which the ass pretends to be a lap dog and gets beaten for his behavior. While living in the De Lacey cottage, strove to gain acceptance from the family despite his harsh appearance. However, the De Lacey family did not treat him with acceptance; instead, they attacked him. The creature sympathizes with the affectionate intentions of the ass and argues that the violent treatment of the gentle ass is reprehensible. The creature clearly sees a parallel to his own story. He understands that he is different from others, but his intentions are good, and he desires acceptance and approval. Tragically, he never receives the approval he yearns for, and his alienation turns him into a violent monster. This passage points to one of the novels essential points: the idea that judgment based on external appearances is unjust, but is nevertheless a tendency of human nature. The quote also raises the question of ultimate responsibility for the murders committed by the creature. Should we blame only the creature, or do those who were cruel to give him a chance to prove his humanity deserve some of the blame? I was dependent on none and related to none. The path of my departure was free, and there was none to lament my annihilation. My person was hideous and my stature gigantic. What did this mean? Who was I? What was I? Whence did I come? What was my destination? These questions continually recurred, but I was unable to solve them. (Chapter 15) In this quote, the creature asks the fundamental questions of life, death, and identity. At this point in the novel, the creature has only recently come to life, but by reading Paradise Lost and other works of literature, he has found a way to question and reflect on his life and its meaning. Unlike Frankenstein, who searches for the scientific secrets of human life, the creature asks philosophical questions about human nature. By bringing the creature to life, Frankenstein succeeds in his inquiry, but that form of scientific ââ¬Å"enlightenmentâ⬠cannot answer the creatures existential questions. This passage suggests that science can only go so far in helping us understand the world, as it cannot answer our existential and moral questions. Accursed creator! Why did you form a monster so hideous that even you turned from me in disgust? God, in pity, made man beautiful and alluring, after his own image; but my form is a filthy type of yours, more horrid even from the very resemblance. Satan had his companions, fellow devils, to admire and encourage him, but I am solitary and abhorred. (Chapter 15) In this quote, the creature compares himself to Adam and Frankenstein to God. According to the creature, Adam is ââ¬Å"beautifulâ⬠and ââ¬Å"alluring in the image of the almighty, but Frankensteinââ¬â¢s creation is ââ¬Å"filthyâ⬠and ââ¬Å"horrid.â⬠This contrast demonstrates the stark difference between the abilities of God and the abilities of Frankenstein. Frankensteins work has been a crude attempt to wield the power of creation, and according to the creature, his hubris is rewarded with wretchedness, ugliness, and loneliness. Furthermore, Frankenstein will not take responsibility for his creation by taking the creature under his wing; thus, the creature considers himself even more solitary and abhorred than Satan. By pointing out Frankensteins folly, the creature again points out the dangers of attempting to go beyond ones own humanity by seeking God-like glory. Brayan Ellisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02679540273308153418noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5601452680943409730.post-86487750838115362112020-02-16T14:24:00.001-08:002020-02-16T14:24:04.425-08:00Coming of Age in Mississippi Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 wordsComing of Age in Mississippi - Essay Example Through Anneââ¬â¢s development of virtues and faults, one gets to visualise a real picture of discrimination based on colour and gender. A reader has to fight with what the author believes in throughout the book, and gets drawn into her deeds that one can cheer when the actions are justified or shy away when someone is treated unfairly. Using her memories, the author invites the reader to imagine a young girl growing up in Mississippi. During her entire life, Moody dealt with hardships that most people could not imagine, but due to her experiences, Anne gains the heroin qualities. How Moody deals with the questions of gender in her life and in her book As Moody grows up, she notes that there are different roles and misconceptions associated with each gender and race. She realizes the way women are treated and she struggles to make sure that they do not hinder her from achieving the best she could be. In the book, she depicts her everyday life in detail as a teenage lady being brou ght up in the pre-civil rights times in the South. Her maturity and experience become tools that she utilizes to cope up with gender inequality within her society and the family to develop into a woman she desired. Through most of her youthful experiences, Moody manages the question of gender by learning its social importance on her own since her mother avoids dealing with the issue as she feels that nothing regarding the societal believes about women can be changed. The insufficiency of information on society that Moody received from her mother made her to explore even further on life issues on her own and critique the standard of that era, rather than incorporating herself into a society that seemed so unfair and disgracing. Anne Moody proudly and confidently uses her observations of the various social aspects to determine her individual identity as a tough black woman who is ready and willing to stand up for what she considers right with hopes of future success and progress for A frican Americans (Moody 280). How white supremacy affect gender related experiences among and between the black and white communities According to Moody, white supremacy restrains black women to take up certain roles in the working environments and acts as a hindrance to equal rights in terms of wages. Quality education is also given to white women at the expense of the blacks. For instance, the author argues that the only option that was availed to her uneducated mother was working as a house help for a worthless pay. This forced Anne to take the burden of working to support her family while still at school (Moody 300). It is further depicted that white women were given more respect and their rights protected more than the blacks of both genders. Meddling with the life of a white woman meant that the black person associated with the action would face serious consequences. For example, Moody says that a 14-year old black man from Chicago was murdered merely for allegedly whistling a t a young white woman. This made Moody to conclude that white supremacy was too stern that any black person could be killed simply for his or her colour. At some point in time, Moody tries to depict that whites were always superior and that their wrong deeds were not treated with serious consequences as did for male blacks. This is illustrated in the book when Moody gives a picture of her life in high school when a white police administrator was caught having a love affair with a black teenage girl. It is quite obvious in this context that the act brought them Brayan Ellisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02679540273308153418noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5601452680943409730.post-27742433080137802202020-02-02T21:31:00.001-08:002020-02-02T21:31:02.259-08:00Turkey's membership of EU Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 wordsTurkey's membership of EU - Essay Example This of course leaves the very prominent case of the nation of Turkey. Although not technically a part of ââ¬Å"Europeâ⬠proper, Turkey has been highly desirous of EU membership for quite some time now and has been a valuable trading partner as well as maintaining a definitively close political and economic connection with both France and Germany; arguably the two most prominent members of the European Union. Within this context and considering this particular reality, this analysis will seek to discuss some of the major issues that currently serve as an impediment to this taking place as well as analyzing some of the key factors that serve to encourage the inclusion of Turkey as a future member of the European Union. Firstly, from the geographic standpoint, those that argue against Turkish inclusion in the European Union would be quick to point out that 97% of the entire nation of Turkey is not within the continent of Europe (Simpson, 2013). However, as history has noted time and again, Turkey serves as a valuable bridge between Europe and Asia/Mid-East and the inclusion of such a partner would definitively strengthen the ties that these regions could express in terms of trade and economic resilience. Secondly, from the perspective of economics, those that are against Turkish inclusion in the European Union might point to the fact that the GDP of the average Turkish citizen is nearly ? of what the GDP of the average EU citizen enjoys (Jameson, 2013). However, the fact of the matter is that Turkeyââ¬â¢s economy has experienced stellar and rapid growth over the past few decades and stands in a very good position to overtake some of the EUââ¬â¢s weaker members in terms of GDP output per citizen within the next several years. Thirdly, from the political standpoint, naysayers would argue that the politics of Turkey are not advanced enough as compared to the mature European style democracies that are invariably evidenced within the other member states of the EU (Hancock, 2012). Although it is true that the nation of Turkey does not have a long history of democratic process as compared to the nations of Europe, it has managed to strike a pluralistic balance between elements of Islamic forces, the military, and a league of social democrats; exhibiting the very epitome of what a democracy should promote ââ¬â understandings and cooperation between disparate groups of people. Ultimately, if given the chance to decide whether or not Turkey should be admitted into the European Union, it would be the decision of this author that this should indeed take place. The rational for this is nuanced. Firstly, it is clear that Europe has lost a great deal of skilled and unskilled manufacturing jobs over the past several decades to the developing nations in Asia and elsewhere. As a result of this, inclusion of a nation that is currently rapidly industrializing will bolster the overall economic strength that Europe can bring to bear on the intern ational level. Secondly, whereas the population of ââ¬Å"old Europeâ⬠has continued to decline, and is on course for even further decline in the future, Turkeyââ¬â¢s influx of 140 million people could help remedy the coming collapse of European productivity with regards to gaps in the labor market that are certain to take place. Finally, with regards to the political ramifications of Brayan Ellisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02679540273308153418noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5601452680943409730.post-81545341117326404822020-01-25T17:54:00.001-08:002020-01-25T17:54:04.056-08:00History Of The Corruption In China Politics EssayHistory Of The Corruption In China Politics Essay Chinas economic ascendance puts China in a position to have many wonderful prospects. In 2008, Chinas strong economic and political systems seemed to resist the idea of a global economic crisis. Chinas massive growth has enhanced China as an important economic power in the world. With over one billion people and the second largest national economy, China is still controlled by an authoritarian political regime; the Chinese Communist Party. The Chinese Communist Party seems to be able to rule the state and keep a stable and sustainable economy. However, corruption poses a serious hindrance to Chinas economy and political systems. The failure to eliminate political corruption could cause the collapse of Chinas economy and the Chinese Communist Party in the future (Bergsten C. F 2009 P.97). Corruption also causes the biggest disaster in Chinese history, Tiananmen Square Massacre (Harris 2003). In fact, many of the developing nations that have fast economic growth seem to have a lot of p olitical corruption. Perhaps corruption in a fast developing nation is inevitable. Corruption was widespread in Singapore during the 1960s (Quah S.T. P.31). Singapore was one of the serious corruption countries during its economic development. Many of developing countries with the rapid economic growth have different levels of corruption. The argument in this paper is: corruption in authoritarian states is more prevalent than democratic states. And corruption is a deeply ingrained issue, which is not easy to remove in Chinese society and from Chinas government corruption. This paper will introduce the historical background of China after the Chinese Communist Party overthrew the Chinese Nationalist Party and it will address how its culture and people have changed under the leading Chinese Communist Party. In this paper, moreover, Chinese economic reform is the main factors to cause corruption in China (Chow G. C. 2006 P.266). Chinese economic reform is the most important revolution which is different from the original ideology of communism. Because of the economic reform Chinas great economic achievements rely on the new modern- socialist market economy- a mixture of open- market economy and state-owned enterprise. Economic reform, at the same time as political reform, or new directions of the party, has never been engaged before by the Chinese Communist Party. The causal factors of an open- market economy impacted on the new western ideologies, and the social and political climates have changed quickly in China. For these reasons, current Chinese soc iety, culture, and politics are being changed, and it is causing major internal issues, political corruption and other relative crimes. This paper will address and explain how and why Chinas economic reform, and Chinas political system, caused corruption and related crimes in contemporary with China. Also, I would like to introduce the different kinds of corruption in Chinas government and in Chinese society. For example, political corruption has influenced the entire state, as well as the leaders of its government. In China, most influential senior officials and high level business and government positions are held by the elite who have propelled their family members and caused inheritance of their power for next generations. Those powerful people are called princelings party or Crown Prince Party. They and even their relatives control most entrepreneurs, so they are capable of shifting the profits and starting the money laundering out of their state. They are the one who mostly be lieved to be involved in the political corruption in China. An example of this is the biggest political corruption case: the former of party chief Bo Xilais and his families making billions of U.S. dollars by privileged upbringing and political influence (Barboza D. April 23, 2012). Secondly, bribery is another kind of corruption in China. This paper will introduce guanxi, the practice that is such a rule and code to conduct businesses with local business partners. In China, Guanxi used to be widely translated as connections and relationships, which reflects the process and maintaining of interpersonal relationship. Guanxi is a method of exerting power to gain more benefits and it is being used succeefully in all networks of society, such as jobs and business. This paper will also analyze how Guanxi plays an important role in corruption, and more importantly, to analyze the largest amount of smuggling and bribery in Chinese history- the criminal cases of Lai Changxing. Lai Changxing operations were based on his good social networks and Guanxi, and he smuggled over à £3.3 billion, and bribed 64 officials during the 1990s (Watts J. May 18, 2012). There is a wide range of literature on corruption from which to choose, and the literature review in this paper should focus on the definition of general practice of corruption, the different levels of corruption by macro-level, and how corruption practice occurs in authoritarian states. I will explore Chinas individual case with special political and economic orientation. Peter Hays Griess book Chinese Politics: State, Society and the Market, is an excellent source in which to study the specific cases of corruption in China, and how corruption is performed in China. Yan Suns book, Corruption and Market in Contemporary China, researches the authors viewpoints and controversial points in the academic field. Richard McGregors book The Party: The Secret World of Chinas Communist Rules, is an excellent source which reveals the integrity of Chinas Communist Party and the top secret of the central power rule of the Chinese Communist Party. Literature Review Meanings of Corruption Corruption is not a new practice, but one which has existed for many years. There are various definitions of corruption in literature scholars. Corruption currently is a term which used to be studied in philosophy, social science, and political science. In general, to define corruption in academic work is usually in various forms. Klitgaad writes: In ordinary usage, too, corruption embraces a wide array of illicit behaviors, including bribery, extortion, fraud, nepotism, graft, speed money, pilferage, theft, embezzlement, falsification of records, kickbacks, influence-peddling, and campaign contributions. (Klitgaard 1998, P1.). Klitgaard (1998) gives different violations terms to describe corruption. When people are involved in these terms, they could be accused of corruption. In philosophy, corruption is a moral deviation or depravity in human behavior. In economics, it is an exchange between people who give payment to enjoy privileges and receive payment to provide services. Klitgaard (1998) indicates corruption is an illegal act, and it has expended some of terms of crimes. All these criminal activities are too narrow to understand corruption in a particular field of study. But bribery is first term that Klitgarrds (1998) pointing to as a usual term by which many people perceive corruption. By studying particularly regional corruption in this paper, bribery and the mainly characterized of authoritarian regimes, nepotism, are important fields to study in this topic of the paper. Bribery and Briber Bribery is one of the most common terms of thought under the topic of corruption. It is based on the improper acceptance, giving, receiving, offering or solicitation of a gain or advantage from the briber, including the some actions, views, advices, or decisions of a public official, or person in a position of trust, or person bound by a duty to act impartially (Bribery and Corruption Law. 2012). In bribery and corruption law, it notes that it is necessary to understand that bribery is two exchanges with purposes of payment and receiving benefits from each other. Or a person merely attempts to bribe, even though unsuccessfully, could also be considered to be a briber. On one hand, a person who provides implication of money or gift could be defined as a briber. Gifts do not only include objects of value, such as goods and property, but also includes immaterial matters, such as services and emoluments (i.e. salary, fees or other benefits). On the other hand, a person who gains all thes e advantages or materials directly or indirectly from briber could be defined as being involved in bribery. Bribe, as well as corruption, is an illegal act with different levels, and the person may be accused of corruption which is a criminal activity. Low level of Corruption: government official corruption Low level corruption is characterized often by the traffic cop asking for bribes on the street. It undermines peoples trust in political institutions and its leaders. (Kristoff M and Pertio, R May 01, 2010 P.2) There are many scholars who discuss corruption as multi-level, which involve different magnitudes of the bribe. The authors, Kristoff and Pertio (2010) argue two levels of corruption, higher and lower levels of corruption. Low level corruption has a higher impact on the social fabric of society, with small amounts of money or other benefits. It usually takes place in some government officials, institutions, or public organizations. It erodes peoples trust and the public confidence in government. Kristoff and Pertio (2010) think that police corruption is a common corruption in low level of corruption. Police can gain from corruption easily and commonly, which damages the effective security in society. Low level corruption also includes corruption of government official. Government corruption is usually defined that the sale, by government officials, of government property for personal gains. Government officials usually receive bribes from a particular person or a group of people for providing permits or licenses, for giving passage at customs, and for prohibiting the entry of competitors. Also, government officials charge privately the products for their own using. (Shleifer. A and Vishny. R. W. May 1993. P3) In addition, government officials note that the cost of producing goods is immaterial to the official since the government pays this cost. They cover the sale of licenses, passports, or a passage on a government toll- charged road, or a policeman sells services that he is supposed to offer for free, and this exerts personal effort (Shleifer. A and Vishny. R. W. May 1993. P5). The authors, Shleifer and Vishny (1993) clarify how government officials or police offices engage in corruption and provide different offers to bribers. Government officials include particular institutions or organizations by the government, which has an obligation to provide public services, such as educational institutions. These institutions do not have rights to sell any products or services privately, and expropriate any frees by unofficial announcement. Based on the authority of government officials, such as policemen, they may force or inflict the charging fees which are supposed or obligate to be provides free services. In some weak governments, they even sell passports and drivers licenses, as long as people could make a certain payment or provide personal connections within the government. People living under a weak deviant government do not a desk to compliant or report police and government misconduct. This causes some government officials, such as police officers, to provide or to force charging fees for services which are received from the briber. Because there can b e an absolute execution by powerful people, this prevents the right to inspect government procedures and activities. Therefore this results government corruption becoming serious. High Level of Corruption: Political Corruption A high level of corruption usually involves substantial amounts of payment, and it often involves senior levels of government officials. The procurement of high level corruption can deal with the massive amounts of money, but it has a high secrecy from the public. (Kristoff, M Pertio, R May 01, 2010 P.2) Kristoff and Pertio (2010) indicate high level corruption that appears in higher level senior of the government or leading politicians. It has also involves a massive amount of money in procurement. Unlike low level of corruption, high level corruption has a lower impact on society, and people or citizens do not recognize high level corruption on the daily lives. Moreover, some political party in power requires their members to dominate government positions. Its members can be controlling key positions in awarding government contracts with businesses for a price of a briber, and then give money to the party. The illicit activities, including funds or huge infrastructure projects cou ld be funneled into the party (Governance, Corruption and Conflict, 2010, P.12). In this article, the author examines how politicians and businesses corruption and gain benefits. High level of corruption often involves in politicians or political parties who could influence public decisions, politics and rules. It is a common skill for most misconduct political leaders and their party to start political corruption when they are in office. Politicians utilize their political power in a state, and they attempt to dominate all key positions by appointing their party members or even their relatives. Most government contracts are assigned by particular businesses that would have provided bribes to the politicians for getting governmental contracts. For businesses, they could be a huge infrastructure project, such as bridge and freeway. This can be considered as a high level political corruption. Citizens usually cannot recognize the serious political corruption in the state. Therefore, i t causes that high level corruption of political parties and politicians occur in both democratic and autocratic countries. Meanwhile, high level of corruption often occurs in election campaigns in democratic states. In order to remain in office, politician may manipulate election campaigns by corruption related to campaign financing, which is a serious political issue in some states. Some elect officials help the welfare of people in constituencies, in the hopes of getting their votes. For example, a politician may be required to present expensive gifts at a wedding by a supporter in the electoral district. Or a politician may also need to participate wed receptions, birthday parties, celebrations and fund raising ceremonies that can cost huge amounts on elected officials (Myint U. December 02. 2000 P.40). To Myint (2000), high level corruption especially occurs on politicians in some democratic countries. In which the politicians or leaders of states are elected by citizens. Therefore, election campaign contributions are placed in high importance to them. Soliciting financial contributions for the elect ion campaign is extremely important for every candidate because it may very well determine whether or not the candidate wins the election. In order to have sufficient funds for an election, campaign most candidates attempt to draw contributions from the people or from entrepreneurs in the election campaign of their political parties. These rich people, entrepreneurs or dignitary, will provide benefits to the new leaders in the future government. And these benefits may foster many of the connections between leaders and entrepreneurs, which may result in the politicians participating in different gatherings of entrepreneurs. This could cost huge amounts of money to the government. Corruption in Autocracies Corruption in Autocratic and Corruption in Democratic States There are many scholars to argue that corruption in autocratic country is higher than democratic country. According to the article Governance, Corruption and Conflict, one-party system has a higher potential for corruption. This is because of the lack of checks and balances in their countries. Without checks on government and a strong public voice that can cause difficultly if it sees corruption, there will be no one who can accomplish putting pressure on the government for accountability and transparency. There is also the argument that democratic states have lower of corruption. Corruption exists in all societies, but democratic systems have a high check on corruption (Governance, Corruption and Conflict, 2010, P.10). The writer argues that corruption is more prevalent in autocratic states. The authoritarian states have more corruption is not surprising. He explains there are some major factors including the lack of check from the public, no independent media, and no public voice, with the result that widespread corruption cannot be combated efficiently. Most authoritarian states are closed societies in which the government controls newspapers, television broadcasts and internet. Therefore, citizens cannot hold the government to be transparent. The writer states there is no guarantee that a state can free from corruption. But in most democratic states, fair elections and the stronger public voice determine the nature and integrity of the government and the leadership. Corruption can be recognized by citizens based on the structure of government, and people can check government by different ways. Most democratic states have corruption investigations and anti-corruption agencies that can efficiently combat corruptions. But, unlike democratic states, most authoritarian states do not have strong independent commissions to combat and investigate corruption. It concludes that corruptions in autocratic states are higher than corruptions in democratic states. Meanwhi le, the redistributive demands by the poors mute voices and their oppression have little or no effect, when the rich have a direct political power, or easy access to political authorities, in countries with authoritarian regimes (Khagram You. December 09, 2003. P.3). Khagram and You (2003) illustrate that the degree of unequal redistributive demands between two groups of people, the poor and the rich, have different social status, which determines if the people can speak out or not. The rich, with higher social status can express themselves much easier and have easier access to government. Thus, the greater disparity between the poor and the rich, the greater is impact of high corruption in authoritarian or communist countries. Dictatorship corruption In most authoritarian states, a significant contribution to corruption is the deviated behavior of leaders. Authoritarian or totalitarian regimes do not have an institutionalized provision for succession. So, leaders in personalist dictatorships face uncertainty regarding their political futures. In dictatorships, government officials are without a democracys preoccupation and concern about their citizens evaluations. A Dictator can be considered to be a robbery, who steals the state for satisfying their short-term desires and needs, but might ultimately destroy the states economy in the long-term consequences. They completely control public life and maintain resources to benefit its elites and other strategic coalitions (Harmel Yeh 2011 P. 2, Ezrow Frantz 2011 P. 134). Ezrow Frantz (2011) argue that most dictators are only desired to dominate their power in their state and hold most executive positions, or even control their whole state by appointing executive positions. They onl y abuse tangible power for their own interests. Ezrow and Frantz (2011) describe leaders in authoritarian states as robbers, who dare to misappropriate the states natural resources and public lives. Importantly, they also determine to increase their personal wealth. Only corruption can enable them to satisfy their own interests. There are many of State-owned enterprises, such as telecommunications and television broadcasting, when, in fact, the dictator and his elites monopolize these enterprises and embezzle the funds of the state-owned enterprises. On the other hand, citizens live under an authoritarian regime suffer different levels of social control, including information control, cultural control, or even thought control. Thought control, which is one of the social controls, is used by most dictators to consolidate their political power in their states (Oh, K. and Hassig,R.C. 2000 P. 140). Thought control teaches that loyalty to the leader is necessary for every citizen, who sh ould obey their leaders completely. It is similar to a cult of personality where monarchs or leaders are held in reverence. Without the citizens inspection, corruption in authoritarian states cannot be perceived, and this has contributed to rampant dictator corruption. So the dictator and his political corruption is one of the main types of corruption in authoritarian states. Nepotism By discussing the character of corruption in authoritarian or communist regimes, it is important to understand how nepotism is practice in these societies. Communist officials consistently prove that they are corruptible and nepotistic. It is not the first time to notice that nepotism thrives in communist bureaucracies, such as the Soviet nomenklatura, is a famous for nepotism during the 1920s (Bellow July 13, 2004, P.98). Bellow (2004) argues that nepotism is a common term within communist regimes. Some communist states announce that nepotism is a rule for dictators to consolidate their power in a country. In fact, this is an informal and personal mode, which is commonly adopted by government officials and societies in communist countries. The widespread building of nepotism in a social network is important for the governmental elites to hold their positions and enlarge their influence in the government. According to The Clearing House, it clarifies the meanings of nepotism in a nor mal society: Nepotism in Georgia schools, as well as over the nation, is one of the most serious hindrances to the development of a democratic and effective system. On almost every hand we find wives, daughter, sons and in-laws of members of boards of education teaching in our public schools. In many places a system of reciprocity is in vogue where one board member agrees to vote for anothers kin in return for a vote for his own kin. There is nothing good about nepotism. It is unfair to the teacher for it creates envy among other teachers who feel that many earned advances are the result of favoritism (The Clearing House 2005). To the author, nepotism is a serious hindrance to the social network. The author (2005) gives a negative view to nepotism because he thinks that it carries an unequal treatment of people in both democratic countries and in authoritarian countries. Nepotism is a powerful influence for people to have great achievements in jobs and politics. Based on favored groups and social relationships, such as friends or relatives, people engaging in nepotism could be appointed or granted a position, or promoted or employed in government positions, as well as in some enterprises. When people rely on this informal mode, however, it often becomes a significant deviation in most societies, from what is good. It has been usually included in the topic of corruption, because nepotism carries many of conveniences which characterize the one who is bribed and the briber who corrupts others. Methodology I began the research by reading a lot of books and journal articles that consisted of topics relating to corruption, such as corruption in China, and political corruption in China. By understanding the characteristics of Chinas corruption, I should first study general corruption in the world, and how different practical modes of corruption are used in different states. Second, corruption in similar regimes has similar features, so corruption in both authoritarian and communist states should be discussed in this topic. Most authoritarian and communist states have similar political systems, such as one-party system or dictatorship. To succeed in this paper, it is important to know the factors of a topic, Corruption in China, including the contribution of Chinese economic reform, the Chinese political system, and Chinas society today. I have also gathered all information for this paper by accessing most sources from online to find media sources which include Google scholar, ProQuest, Le xisNexis, JSTOR and some of Chinas websites, such as China Daily. Using Google scholar to search primary sources mostly, it widely provides numerous relevant articles. And some websites including CNN International, South China Morning Post, New York Times and China Daily provide many useful cases that I can study for this paper. For example, the case of former of party Chief Bo Xilai and his families who stole billions of U.S. dollars. And the case of Lai Changxing, who bribed numerous of officials and smuggled products with values of billions of pounds. Brayan Ellisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02679540273308153418noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5601452680943409730.post-53552054405254950812020-01-17T14:17:00.001-08:002020-01-17T14:17:03.036-08:00Biography of Aldous Huxley EssayAldous Leonard Huxley was born on July 26, 1894 in Surrey, England, as the third son of Dr. Leonard Huxley and Julia Arnold. Huxley was born into a long line of scientists and intellectuals. His grandfather Thomas Henry Huxley had the nickname ââ¬Å"Darwinââ¬â¢s Bulldogâ⬠for his fierce defense of evolutionary science and for his passion for teaching Victorian scientific advancements to Britainââ¬â¢s working classes. Aldous Huxley was also related to the poet Matthew Arnold on his motherââ¬â¢s side of the family. These two disciplines, literature and science, converged at the end of the Victorian era and characterize Huxleyââ¬â¢s own career and ambitions as an author, journalist, and humanist. Educated at Eton, Aldous Huxley was forced to leave the school at the age of seventeen due to an affliction of the eyes. He was partially blind for two or three years and therefore was unable to complete the rigorous scientific training he had undertaken. Though problems with his eyes would remain with him for the rest of his life, Huxley was able to attend Oxford where he received a degree in English literature. Huxleyââ¬â¢s career began in journalism and included music and artistic criticism as well as book reviews. He also began writing poems, essays, and historical pieces. Huxleyââ¬â¢s first introduction to British intellectual society occurred while working as a farm laborer at Garsington Manor, the site of the ââ¬Å"Bloomsbury Society,â⬠a group of public intellectuals that included Bertrand Russell. There he would marry Maria Nys and they would have one child, Matthew Huxley. He also wrote his first book, a volume of poetry called The Burning Wheel. While working as an editor for ââ¬Å"House and Gardenâ⬠during the1920s, Huxley wrote many novels including Brave New World. Huxley spent several years in Italy where he formed a friendship with D.H. Lawrence. They would remain close friends and Huxley would later edit Lawrenceââ¬â¢s collected letters after his death. In 1937, Huxley moved back to the United States to live in Hollywood, California, where he helped write scripts for several Hollywood movies of the time, although he never had a lasting career in movies. After World War II, he famously became involved with the early psychedelic drug movement. Huxley was an early proponent of the use of LSD, mescaline, and peyote for their mind-altering effects. His 1954 book The Doors of Perception argued that through the use of psychedelic drugs, people would be able to ââ¬Å"cleanseâ⬠the doors of perception in order to embrace the infinite reality of the world. A controversial figure for most of his life, Huxley died from cancer on November 22, 1963, only hours after President John F. Kennedyââ¬â¢s assassination in Dallas, Texas. By the time of his death, he was embraced in some circles as an intellectual and writer of the highest class, especially for his creation of the dystopian fantasy in his novel Brave New World and his engagement of the theme of commercialization in modern society. Others, however, saw him as a pseudo-scientist for his work in mystical traditions and his insistence on experiencing alternate realities through meditation, Eastern religions, and drug use. For his accomplishments, Huxley received the Award of Merit for the Novel from the American Academy of Arts and Letters in 1959. Brayan Ellisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02679540273308153418noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5601452680943409730.post-4592620526177552372020-01-09T10:39:00.001-08:002020-01-09T10:39:04.086-08:00List Of Books War Of The Worlds - 1490 Words List of books War of the Worlds The Haunting of Hill House Bird Box Pen Pal The Other Side of the Sky A Christmas Carol Touching Spirit Bear The Gunslinger The Hitchhikerââ¬â¢s Guide to the Galaxy Haunting of Hill House Eleanor and Theodora (Theo) are invited by Dr. Montageau to Hill House, and Luke is there to supervise them. Shortly after they get there Eleanor starts hearing noises in the hallways, and paranormal phenomena start to occur. Days later, Eleanor starts to hear noises in the hallways, and goes out there, and looses her marbles. She hears her mother, and goes insane. She climbs up the tower of the house. Eventually the other members of the house talk her out of doing it, but is kicked out. She begs not to go, as it was theâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦The narrarator takes his wife to a safe space till the invasion is over, and he goes toward the martians. The narrarator realises that the martians are scary and he hides in a house where he meets and artillaryman, but they get seperated, then he meets a curate, but they get trapped in a house with the martians camping outside. The martians kill the curate. The narrator realises that the aliens are dead because of disease. He meets his wife and they live happily ever after. Hitchikerââ¬â¢s Guide to the Galaxy Arthur Dentââ¬â¢s house is about to get destroyed for a street to be built, just like Earth is to build an intergalactic highway. This is when Arthurââ¬â¢s friend, Ford Prefect comes in and transfers them to an alien spaceship, where they are thrown out, but are accidentally saved by Fordââ¬â¢s friends, Zaphod Beeblebrox, Trillian, and their sarcastic robot, Marvin. They discover the mythical planet of Magrathea. Zaphod, Trillian and Ford go down in a mine, leaving Marvin and Arthur to watch guard. Arthur is abducted by a weird old man named Slartibartfast who reveals that Earth was built by rats, and its purpose was to find The Question for which the answer was 42. Slartibartfast attempts to cut open Arthurââ¬â¢s brain open to find it, but he was saved by the rest of the gang and head out for a meal at the restaurant at the end of the universe. Bird Box A mysterious creature makes anything that sees it go insane, in any means, and kill anyoneShow MoreRelatedSeptember Crisis : The World s Descent Into War Essay946 Words à |à 4 PagesT.G. Otte, July Crisis: The Worldââ¬â¢s Descent into War, Summer 1914, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2014, 533 pp. If someone were to quiz members of the general public on what led the First World War, the prevailing answer would most likely be the assassination of the Archduke Ferdinand without much elaboration. With the exception of diplomatic historians and war enthusiasts, the behind the scenes actions that shepherded the worldââ¬â¢s superpowers towards the unimaginable destruction ofRead More Austria: The Cause of World War One Essay1592 Words à |à 7 Pages The nation responsible for the onset of World War I is Austria-Hungary because of the territorial and political stances with Serbia that provoked the assassination of the Archduke Franz Ferdinand. After Ferdinands death, Austria-Hungary initiated a call for support to the Germans about the problems in the Balkans, resulting in Germany confirming their assistance by issuing a ââ¬Å"Blank Check.â⬠Austria later gave Serbia a list of ultimatums that consisted of extreme demands in hopes of Serbia rejectingRead MoreAnalysis Of Da vid Irving s Hitler s War Essay1508 Words à |à 7 Pagesmultiple books that were incredibly detailed looks into World War II. Of his works, he is well known for Hitlerââ¬â¢s War, The Destruction of Dresden, Churchillââ¬â¢s War, and Goebbels: Mastermind of the Third Reich. Throughout all of these books, Irving used his position as a historian to uncover lost documents and gain credibility for outlandish Holocaust revisionist theories. One book that might have helped Irving gain credibility the most among revisionist circles is his book, Hitlerââ¬â¢s War. In thisRead MoreWorld War II and The Holocaust Essay580 Words à |à 3 PagesYou learn about War World II and the Holocaust in history every year, but do you really understand why? We often stop learning about the war after Peral Harbor because that is when the U.S. got involved. But there is more to War World II than just Pearl Harbor. The Holocaust all started with a man named Adolf Hitler. Reserach shows that Adolf had a bad childhood. As most boys he wanted to make his father proud, but when he applied for art school his father was not pleased. Even knowing his fatherRead MoreThe Real Lincoln : A New Look At Abraham Lincoln, His Agenda, And An Unnecessary War New1379 Words à |à 6 PagesUnnecessary War New York: Three Rivers Press. Thomas J. Dilorenzo is the author of the book The Real Lincoln: A New Look at Abraham Lincoln, His Agenda, and an Unnecessary War. Dr. Dilorenzo is an economics professor at the Sellinge School of Business and management, where he published over eleven books. His focus is mostly on economic history and political economics. It became evident to Thomas that the teachings at the college defied the common belief of the purpose behind the Civil War. After givingRead MoreSummary Of Dr. Seusss Yertle The Turtle1067 Words à |à 5 Pageswriting and illustrating childrenââ¬â¢s books, the stories themselves are poems. Dr. Seuss wrote non-sensical poems but they had meaning behind them. His history of illustrating propaganda during World War II later influences some of his poems. The poems with the most controversial political views are ââ¬Å"The Butter Battleâ⬠and ââ¬Å"Yertle the Turtleâ⬠(Conradt). ââ¬Å"Yertle the Turtleâ⬠makes references toward Hitlerââ¬â¢s search for power. ââ¬Å"The Butter Battleâ⬠relates to the cold war and arms race (Conradt). Seussââ¬â¢s useRead MoreCommunicable Diseases : Communicable Disease904 Words à |à 4 Pagesthe most mortalities. To my surprise, I had no idea Malaria was a communicable due to the fact that the definition of a communicable disease infers that it is contagious. However, worldwide Malaria is on the list of one of the most serious communicable diseases. According to The World Fact Book, the major infectious diseases are broken down into sections based on how they are contracted. They believe the degree of risk is ve ry high. When regarding the Food or Waterborne infections, the main killersRead MoreReview of Rudy Tomedis No Bugles, No Drums677 Words à |à 3 PagesBugles, No Drums What are the major wars in which the U.S. fought? A typical American might mention the Revolutionary War, the Civil War, World War I, World War II, Vietnam, the Gulf War, and most recently, the war in Iraq. However, one war absent from this list proved to be one of the most casualty-laden but least recognized by the American public as a significant war: the Korean War. In his book No Bugles, No Drums: An Oral History of the Korean War, Vietnam veteran Rudy Tomedi offers the personalRead MoreNineteen Eighty Four By George Orwell Essay1601 Words à |à 7 PagesBook Review for Nineteen Eighty-Four by George Orwell Jason Lee December 12, 2015 SECTION A Date published June 8, 1949 City where published London, England Publisher Secker Warburg Number of pages 267 SECTION B Summary of your book (key details only...address the beginning, middle, and end of the book) Nineteen Eighty-Four takes place in the fictional nationRead MoreHitler was in World War I and was hurt. When HItler was healing Germany capitulated. He was upset600 Words à |à 3 PagesHitler was in World War I and was hurt. When HItler was healing Germany capitulated. He was upset upon hearing this. Germany went in debt to the other countries. Germany didnt have much of a leader. Hitler was planning on trying to overthrow the government using military force. He was caught and sentences to five years in jail. Hitler wrote a book called My Struggle while in prison. The book was sold and became very popular. In the end Hitler only spent nine months in prison. In his book he said how Brayan Ellisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02679540273308153418noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5601452680943409730.post-25433007283885639862020-01-01T07:05:00.001-08:002020-01-01T07:05:03.046-08:00Perl Array Shift() Function Quick Tutorial Theà shift()à function in aà Perlà script takes the following syntax: Perls shift() function is used to remove and return the first element from an array, which reduces the number of elements by one. The first element in the array is the one with the lowest index. Its easy to confuse this function with pop(), which removes the last element from an array. It also should not be confused withà the unshift() function which is used to add an element to the beginningà of an array. Example of Perls Shift() Function If you think of an array as a row of numbered boxes, going from left to right, it would be the element on the far left. The shift() function would cut the element off the left side of the array, return it, and reduce the elements by one. In the examples, the value of $oneName becomes Larry, the first element, and myNames is shortened to (Curly, Moe). The array can also be thought of as a stack - picture of a stack of numbered boxes, starting with 0 on the top and increasing as it goes down. The shift() function would shift the element off the top of the stack, return it, and reduce the size of the stack by one. Brayan Ellisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02679540273308153418noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5601452680943409730.post-20313563982375946592019-12-24T02:50:00.001-08:002019-12-24T02:50:04.230-08:00The Great Depression And Dust Bowl - 1165 Words Alissa French Mrs. Lilley English III 6 April 2017 The Great Depression/Dust Bowl The ââ¬ËDirty Thirtiesââ¬â¢ is perhaps one of the most known time periods in American History. During the 1930s, the worst and longest drought occurred in the United States, this was also know as the Dust Bowl. According to Christopher Klein, the Dust Bowl is considered both a man-made and natural disaster. In fact, many events contributed to the Dust Bowl such as poor farming techniques, a severe drought, and economic depression. One of the main causes of the Dust Bowl was the poor techniques that farmers used to plant and harvest their crops. Most of the Roaring Twenties consisted of a continual cycle of debt for the American farmers as their production pricesâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦In some cases, school was cancelled because of these storms. In the same year, slightly after noon on January 21st, a dust storm was reported that rose up to 10,000 feet in the air with winds that blew 60 miles per hour. According to Duncan, the local weather bureau called it ââ¬Å"awe-inspiringâ⬠and ââ¬Å"most spectacularâ⬠. An Associated Press reporter gave the Dust Bowl its name the day after Black Sunday, which was the worst dust storm reported (Ganzel). These storms were so devastating that people had to cover their faces with wet rags in fear they would get dust pneumonia, a deadly condition where dirt would clog up the lungs (Klein). They were also fearful of being caught outside of their house in the middle of a dust storm, because the storms rolled with thousands upon thousands of fine particles of dirt that would completely block out the sun, and no light could penetrate the blanket of darkness (Ganzel). The residents of the Great Plains couldnââ¬â¢t even escape the dust inside their own homes. The dust would somehow percolate through the tiniest of cracks, crevices, or gaps in the walls, windowsills, and door frames (Duncan 51). These deadly storms were also capable of producing so much static electricity betwe en the ground and the airborne dust that even a simple handshake could initiate a spark so powerful it would knock them to the ground (Klein). The entire region of the Plains was affected, and eventually the entire country (Ganzel). In addition to the mainShow MoreRelatedThe Great Depression : The Dust Bowl984 Words à |à 4 Pages The Great Depression was a horrible time in American history, with as much as one-fourth of the population out of work. One of the hardest hit areas of the population was the agricultural center of the United States in the area that would come to be known as the Dust Bowl. The problems that the people of the Dust Bowl dealt with however were not a result of the Depression as a whole but instead were the result of a combination of bad farming decisions and a horrible drought. Even though the timingRead MoreThe Great Depression And The Dust Bowl1197 Words à |à 5 Pages The New Deal In the year following the Roaring 20s, the United States had a major economic crisis along with the Dust Bowl that affected many of the american people, but if Franklin D. Roosevelt had not saved the economy with the New Deal, the economy would have never truly recovered. The Great Depression and The Dust Bowl The Great Depression was the longest economic recession in the history of the United States. The recession started in the summer of 1929 when stock prices began to rise and alsoRead MoreThe Great Depression And Dust Bowl2250 Words à |à 9 Pagessome of the best times in history. However, later in the decade, devastation came in the form of the Great Depression and Dust Bowl. These two factors left a sour taste in the mouthes of Americans as they moved into the thirties. The drastic difference between the economic high and low of the 1920s are due to a combination of the economic boom at the beginning of the decade and the Great Depression at the end, with numerous factors in between these two bookend events. During the best of the decadeRead MoreThe Dust Bowl Effect On The Great Depression1032 Words à |à 5 PagesThe Dust Bowlââ¬â¢s Effect on the Great Depression The Grapes of Wrath, by John Steinbeck, pays homage to the critical impact the Great Depression had on dust bowl farmers. The growing demand for wheat products forced farmers to overgraze their property. This reduced the overall usefulness and biodiversity of the land, and attributed to the desertification of their establishments. With this, the once lush fields turned to dust, which blew away with the commencement of the severe drought in the earlyRead MoreThe Grapes Of Wrath By John Steinbeck1190 Words à |à 5 Pageswith selling over 428,900 copies. Steinbeck, who lived through both the Great Depression and the Dust Bowl, sought to bring attention to how families of Oklahoma outdid these disasters. Steinbeck focuses on families of Oklahoma, including the Joads family, who reside on a farm. The Joad family is tested with hardship when life for them on their farm takes a corrupt turn. Steinbeck symbolizes the Great Depression and Dust Bowl, as the monster, by focusing on bringing attention to how the families inRead MoreDust Bowl of the 1930s911 Words à |à 4 PagesThe Dust Bowl of the 1930ââ¬â¢s had such an antagonistic effect on the United States economy that was already plummeting. The Dust Bowl affected the U.S economy in just about every way possible ranging from agriculture to finances including government expenses to population changes. This phenomena can be considered as one of the worst natural disasters that has affected the United States. The ââ¬Å"Dust Bowlâ⬠was the name given to the Great Plains region that was greatly affected by drought in the 1930ââ¬â¢sRead MoreFarming During The Great Depression1210 Words à |à 5 PagesNovember 2015 Farming During the Great Depression There were many factors that caused the Great Depression. But one of the main causes of the Great Depression was the farming conditions. Before the Great Depression life was great! The American life was starting to get better and better. But In the early 1930 s soil was reduced to dust and eroded, because of drought and improper farming practice. This period of long, stressful farming conditions was known as the Dust Bowl. It led to the increased numberRead MoreThe Struggle Of The 1920s1322 Words à |à 6 PagesWhat the Great Depression Did to America During the decades of the 1920s and 1930s, the United States underwent a series of changes that had a drastic effect on people across the nation. As the economy began to slow to a halt, millions of people were left broke and without jobs. As the countryââ¬â¢s farmers were paralyzed with debt, food prices increased radically (McElvaine). During the mid-1930s, a series of droughts coupled with poor agricultural methods led to years of soil erosion and dust stormsRead MorePresident Hoover s Impact On The Great Depression910 Words à |à 4 PagesDuring 1929, The Great Depression changed the shape of America and how many people would struggle during this time. The Great Depression had many issues happen that hurt many people and their jobs. President Hoover had a major impact during this time. The Great Depression started after the Stock Market Crash of 1929. The economy during this time was in a world of hurt and people in the economy were going through a rough time. Many farmers dur ing this time lost money to pay for their jobs and couldRead MoreThe Dust Bowl Of The Great West1172 Words à |à 5 PagesLucia Martinez Professor Kim Wombles English 1302 September 21, 2015 The Dust Bowl Imagine a great wall closing in on you with nowhere to run. Imagine sweeping a floor of sand that will never go away. Imagine having a terrible cough that leaves your throat irritated and raw to the point where you are coughing up blood. Imagine the disappointment of realizing a possible rain cloud is really a wall of dust rushing your way. For people living in the Midwest during the 1930s this was Brayan Ellisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02679540273308153418noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5601452680943409730.post-75068262796820606242019-12-15T23:20:00.001-08:002019-12-15T23:20:06.580-08:00The Tragedy and Lessons of Vietnam Free Essays string(26) " no impact whatever on U\." Robert S. McNamaraââ¬â¢s memoir ââ¬ËIn Retrospect: The Tragedy and Lessons of Vietnamââ¬â¢ offers an explanation of McNamaraââ¬â¢s handling of the Vietnam War as Secretary of Defense during the Kennedy and Johnson administrations. McNamaraââ¬â¢s goal directed as well as logico-mathematical approach to decision-making must be blamed for the failure of the US to stop North Vietnam from winning the war. We will write a custom essay sample on The Tragedy and Lessons of Vietnam or any similar topic only for you Order Now Bloodshed would have been evaded if merely McNamara had looked at the probable outcome of his decisions on Vietnam. What appears from pages of this book are mechanics of a machine closed in on itself. It digested just the information that suited its version of reality or served its bureaucratic interests. It unnoticed discordant views, reorganized unlikable facts as well as, when proved wrong, simply redoubled its efforts. It was a machine suited to a military colossus whose directors never doubted their premises or their capability to make reality symbolize the exercise of their power. The book is written down in a manner that brings joy particularly to the hearts of the pacifist crowd even while they criticize him, as its confessions appear to justify their opposition to the war. That was Bill Clintonââ¬â¢s self-satisfied response. Thus far the book is extremely superficial in its political analysis ââ¬â signifying how far in over his head McNamara was in that job from the start. Certainly, itââ¬â¢s high time that someone inquired our countryââ¬â¢s inclination of picking big-time industrialists for defense secretary on the theory that itââ¬â¢s just a big management work. Sometimes the job needs a lot more than management talent: deliberate understanding and judgment, which McNamara without a doubt never had. In justice to McNamara, his long silence had an admirable cause. Given the national shock that Vietnam brought, he feared that any apologia would be expedient and inappropriate. This caginess renowned McNamara from egregious former colleagues for instance Clark Clifford, Averell Harriman, as well as Cyrus Vance, who within months of leaving office were attacking the Nixon Administration with peace proposals also demands for concessions to the North Vietnamese. The end of McNamaraââ¬â¢s book in brief touches non-Vietnam matters ââ¬â particularly the 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis and the Harvard conferences he has lately attended, which brought together Soviet, American, as well as Cuban veterans of that crisis. The malice of such conferences is established by the breast-beating wrapping up of McNamara and some further Americans that it was our entire fault: Khrushchev put missiles in Cuba for the reason that he feared we were planning one more Bay of Pigs. Suffering regarding that brush with nuclear tragedy has led to another of McNamaraââ¬â¢s recantations his vigorous anti-nuclear activism, proceeding proposals for disarmament and no-first-use of nuclear weapons. He has championed this reason with the same sanctimonious obstinacy with which he once sold us the body counts and wunderkind strategizing in Vietnam, and with which he at present proclaims his confessions of our Vietnam errors. He possibly will never get it right. (Kevin Hillstrom, Laurie Collier Hillstrom, 1998). DEVELOPMENT OF THEME This book ââ¬Å"In Retrospect: The Tragedy and Lessons of Vietnamâ⬠is barely likely to assuage that cynicism. Certainly, it will most likely reinforce it. For what it exposes is a leadership class so in thrall to power, so persuaded of its own intellectual superiority, so cut off from, and even disdainful of, the wider society it has been empowered to serve, that it was eager to sacrifice virtually everything to evade the stigma of failure. The usefulness of McNamaraââ¬â¢s book is in the description of that trickery and of that failure. Much of the documentation has long been accessible in the Pentagon Papers, which he commissioned soon before leaving office, and which were leaked to the press by Daniel Ellsberg in 1971. However there is something to be erudite in hearing it from such a highly placed participant. Nevertheless, no one else, at such a level of influenceââ¬ânot Johnson, or McGeorge Bundy, or Walt Rostow, or Henry Kissinger or Richard Nixonââ¬âever openly admitted error or accepted blame. McNamara has at least broken the wall of silence. And even though he remains protective and largely uncritical of his colleagues, including the most imperceptive, the picture that appears is not one to motivate confidence. What this account noticeably discloses is that at no time did officials in either the Kennedy or Johnson administrations ever seriously think about anything less than an enduringly divided Vietnam with an anti-communist government in the south. The North Vietnamese, for their part, never measured anything less than a unified nation under their, i. e. communist, control. No one was in any doubt about this. The problem was that the Americans were persuaded that by inflicting unbearable pain they could force Hanoi to desist however they were wrong. It was their country, not ours. In the end it was we who withdrew in the face of unbearable pain. Why did three successive administrations think that Vietnam was so imperative? First, there was the domino theory, which decreed that if Saigon fell to communism, the rest of Southeast Asia would shortly follow. Kennedy himself authorized it. When asked in 1963 by a television interviewer whether he doubted the correspondence, he answered, ââ¬Å"No, I believe it. ââ¬Å" Second, there was confronting of communist-led ââ¬Å"wars of national liberation. â⬠As nuclear weapons had made war too risky between America and Russia, the conflict transferred to the Third World, where a host of impecunious, ex-colonial nations looked up for grabs. Did it matter whether these were communist or anti-communist despotisms? Almost certainly not. Although there was nowhere else the competition could occur, and so there it raged. Vietnam turned into a test case. Third, there was the well-known supposition that Beijing was taking its marching orders from Moscow, and calling the shots in Hanoi. The truth that China and Russia were already disputing publicly and that the Vietnamese had historically viewed the Chinese as their greatest enemy made no impact whatever on U. You read "The Tragedy and Lessons of Vietnam" in category "Papers" S. policymakers. It did not fit into their worldview. Fourth, the worldââ¬â¢s greatest military power was not going to confess failure, least of all against what Johnson once mentioned as a ââ¬Å"piddling, piss-ant little country. â⬠It was too mortifying even to contemplate. Beyond all this there was one more reason that neither Kennedy nor Johnson, once the United States so carelessly slid into Vietnam, could easily get out. The Democrats were the party, in accordance with the Republicans, who had ââ¬Å"lostâ⬠China to communism. They were definitely not going to offer more fodder for their foes in Vietnam. As Truman had pushed above the thirty-eight parallel in Korea to illustrate that he was tougher on communism than the Republicans, so Kennedy and Johnson felt they dare not lose Saigon to the Reds. This is why the assumption, here thoughtfully echoed by McNamara, that Kennedy would have pulled out of the war had he lived, appears wishful thinking. Kennedy fans, including McNamara, time and again cite the presidentââ¬â¢s much-quoted September 1963 statement regarding Vietnam that ââ¬Å"in the final analysis, it is their war. There were, certainly, ways out all along, had anyone wanted to follow them. One opened up in the fall of 1963, when Ngo Dinh Nhu, Diemââ¬â¢s influential brother, started secret contacts with Hanoi. Sensing a possibility for a deal akin to the arrangement previously worked out over Laos, French President Charles de Gaulle suggested the amalgamation and neutralization of Vietnam. However the Americans saw this as an intimidation somewhat than an opportunity. Second-level officials in Washington plotted with the Saigon embassy and South Vietnamese army officers to conquer Diem and replace him with a government more resolute to fight the war. Kennedy could not make up his mind whether or not to endorse the coup. It came anyway in November, ending in the assassination of Diem and Nhu. Three weeks later Kennedy himself was murdered. McNamara now articulates that would have been a good moment to leave. However at the time he recommended the newly installed Johnson that impartiality was unthinkable for the reason that ââ¬Å"South Vietnam is both a test of U. S. determination and particularly a test of U. S. capacity to deal with wars of national liberation. â⬠This was our war and the Vietnamese were not going to be permitted to get in the way. At present McNamara confesses that ââ¬Å"we erred seriously in not even exploring the neutralization option. â⬠Although at the time there was no way officials would have discovered it, given their view of the stakes at issue. This was a war they were resolute to win, even against their reputed South Vietnamese allies. So far McNamara cannot bring himself to accept the noticeable insinuations of what he is so undoubtedly saying. He wants to convince us, and conceivably himself, that it is all a problem of management. In other words, he is still the bureaucratic organizer who thinks that all troubles can be reduced to flow charts and statistics McNamara informs us that as early as the fall of 1965 he had doubts regarding the value of the bombing in breaking Hanoiââ¬â¢s will or reducing the flow of supplies into the south. Sporadically he espoused bombing pauses with the argument that this might influence Hanoi to negotiate. This was a wan expectation, as he was never ready to negotiate what Hanoi sought: a withdrawal of the United States from South Vietnam and communist representation in Saigon. By the fall of 1967 he had lost his value: the Joint Chiefs and the hawks in Congress were infuriated by his antagonism to sending more troops and extending the bombing, whilst Johnson considered him undependable and feared that he might join Robert Kennedyââ¬â¢s camp. He was pushed out the door with a golden handshake as well as the presidency of the World Bank. However it was all done in a spirit of good fellowship and mutual congratulation, together with an overenthusiastic letter of appreciation he wrote to Johnson that he here reproduces. ââ¬Å"I do not know to this day whether I quit or I was fired,â⬠he says of his departure. This was consistent with his not knowing whether he measured the war to be wrong or just badly organized. Certainly he left silently. Almost all of them do. If he felt the war was so ââ¬Å"awfully wrong,â⬠why did he not leave in protest and take his case to the public? 20,000 Americans died in Vietnam on his watch, and almost another 40,000 died, along with millions of Vietnamese, after his departure. Did he be in debt something to them? Not it seems that as much as he owed to Johnson, and most probably to Nixon too. It ââ¬Å"would have been a violation of my responsibility to the president and my oath to uphold the Constitutionâ⬠to have publicly protested the war, he explains. Whereas the Constitution says not anything regarding muzzling public officials after they leave office, it is right that complainers are hardly ever asked to come back and play one more day. Would it have made a difference if McNamara had openly turned against the war? One cannot be certain. It might or might not have ended the war sooner. However it would have justified those who protested against or refused to battle in a war they considered morally wrong, and it might have saved the lives of some of those who went to Vietnam for the reason that they thought that their country wanted to send them there for fine reason. Regardless, the assurance of making a difference is not the issue. We often cannot be certain of the outcome of our actions when we undertake them. We either do something since we think it is right, or we decide not to do it. McNamara privileged what he supposed to be his duty to Johnson above what many others, but in fact not he, would consider his responsibility to his country. He can live with that, although he must not expect our appreciation. We can be glad that McNamara wrote this book without admiring the man or sanctioning his elusions. He had an opportunity to redeem himself for a war he felt to be wrong. However those opportunities came almost 30 ago, and at present it barely matters. What is constructive regarding this elusive book is the terrible picture it represents of men caught in the prison of their own narrow suppositions and of their bureaucratic roles. These were men who knew that their strategies were not working, that their actions were driving ever-deeper divisions within the country that they were losing the admiration of several of those whose opinions they most appreciated. And thus far they persevered. Or else they shuffled out without a sound, like McNamara, and found other ways of trying to change the world and of trying to redeem themselves. McNamara was not unaware to what was happening. In his memo to Johnson of May 1967 quarrelling against a planned major intensification in the war, he wrote: There may be a boundary beyond which several Americans and much of the world will not allow the United States to go. The picture of the worldââ¬â¢s utmost superpower killing or critically injuring thousands noncombatants a week, whilst trying to pound a tiny backward nation into submission on a subject whose merits are fiercely disputed, is not a pretty one. He was sensitive at least to the bad public relations of the killing, and he acknowledged that the supposed merits of the war were ââ¬Å"hotly disputed. â⬠Nevertheless within the hothouse where Johnson and his advisers met to orchestrate the war, it was merely methods, never eventual aims that were questioned. There was fighting in the streets and good manners in the war room. McNamaraââ¬â¢s book presents a sense of how divorced the two realms were from one another. The planners were locked into the academic concepts of ââ¬Å"credibilityâ⬠and the mechanics of graduated intensification. Although he had doubts regarding the effectiveness of the methods, he never questioned the assumptions. In his defense McNamara makes the amazing complaint that, because of the McCarthy hysteria of the early 1950s, ââ¬Å"our government lacked experts for us to consult to recompense for our unawarenessâ⬠of Southeast Asia. True, numerous Asian experts had been driven from the government for envisaging that Chiang Kai-shek was doomed. However they had not moved to Mars. There were telephones then. They were keen to talk to anyone who would listen. Hence were other considerate and outspoken critics of the war: scholars for instance John Fairbanks and Hans Morgenthau, columnists for example Walter Lippmann, former diplomats for instance George Kennan. In 1966 Senator Fulbright, smarting at having been snookered by Johnson over the Gulf of Tonkin, sponsored weeks of hearings in the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, offering a forum for a broad range of experts to inspect the premises and outcomes of American policy. Nowhere in his book does McNamara make reference to these hearings, and hardly at all to outside critics. The delirious arguments over Vietnam all the way through the country appear never to have infiltrated the glass bubble of the war room. EVALUATION OF THEME McNamara stayed silent regarding Vietnam, repudiating all interviews until 1994, when he wrote his memoirs. The bookââ¬âIn Retrospect: The Tragedy and Lessons of Vietnamââ¬âignited a firestorm of argument upon its release and turned into a national bestseller. Even though McNamara confessed in the book that he had been wrong on the subject of Vietnam, that the United States should never have become involved there, his belated confession did little to endear him to the American people. The book elevated the ire of veteransââ¬â¢ groups, who blamed McNamara of trying to profit from a war that, in their minds, he had started and that had caused so much anguish. Too much blood was on his hands, they said, for him to try to make money off the war. McNamaraââ¬â¢s assertion, in his memoir In Retrospect: The Tragedy and Lessons of Vietnam, of having been ââ¬Å"terribly wrongâ⬠regarding rising the war revive an old query often on the minds of young people at present: Would the U. S. have lost the war in Vietnam had Kennedy lived? The easiest answer is: We cannot know; history happens merely one way. The more intricate answer is: most likely not. We must not forget the significance of the Cold War and containment. Just as Kissingerââ¬â¢s predictions that the United States would split itself apart over Vietnam did not come to pass, the cause behind American involvement in the war turned out to have been intensely flawed. The position of the United States in the world was not so shaky and that of the Soviet Union and other revolutionary movements not so prevailing that an earlier communist victory in Vietnam would have altered the effect of the Cold War. We are familiar with this now, and many people came to doubt the significance of U. S. involvement in Vietnam as the war went on. Thus far given the depth of leadersââ¬â¢ commitment to the principles of suppression, it is hard to think that the United States would not have contributed the way it did in Vietnam, at least until 1968. (Kevin Hillstrom, Laurie Collier Hillstrom, 1998). Without a doubt the enthusiasm with which people long for a hero to have lived and saved them from the tragedy of Vietnam makes known how poignant a wound the war left. When McNamara spoke at Harvard University in the spring of 1995, observers noted how Vietnam appeared to have taken place merely yesterday for the people in the audience over forty. Their feelings were raw. For many, McNamara was a figure out of the past. Ernest May, one of the countryââ¬â¢s leading diplomatic historians, gave the most dispassionate elucidation of why he thought McNamara was wrong to have asserted that Kennedy would not have become as intensely involved as Johnson. McNamara appeared to have forgotten the influential spell of the Cold War. It was as if, May noticed, a Crusader wrote his memoirs without mentioning Christianity. However McNamara maintained his usually cool reserve all through the entire controversy. Reference: Kevin Hillstrom, Laurie Collier Hillstrom (1998). The Vietnam Experience: A Concise Encyclopedia of American Literature, Songs, and Films; Greenwood Press How to cite The Tragedy and Lessons of Vietnam, Papers Brayan Ellisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02679540273308153418noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5601452680943409730.post-1871357148892647442019-12-07T20:03:00.001-08:002019-12-07T20:03:03.063-08:00Religion and Science free essay sample They can actually complement each other. To understand what Einstein meant when he said this, we must first understand his views on religion. When I was first given Einsteinââ¬â¢s article ââ¬Å"Religion and Scienceâ⬠in class, I felt like he was very anti-religious. Throughout the first few paragraphs of the article he talked about why people were led to religious thought and belief. According to him, it was fear and the desire for guidance, support, and love emotions that were considered signs of ââ¬Å"weaknessâ⬠that evoked religious notions. It was just this that drove people to look into a higher being as a means of hope. These feelings are what initiated religious beliefs that told people what they can and canââ¬â¢t do to please God. Einsteinââ¬â¢s belief that these ââ¬Å"weakâ⬠feelings initiated religion, made him seem so opposed to the idea of looking into an unknown being as a sense of security. We will write a custom essay sample on Religion and Science or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Later on in his article, Einstein also told us that religion is not necessary for a personââ¬â¢s ethical behavior. You donââ¬â¢t need a God to tell you right from wrong. After reading all of this, I came to the conclusion that Einstein did not believe in religion. However, after further reading on Einstein I realized that I was very much wrong. Einstein did believe in a religion, but his religion was not the typical, traditional, organized religion like most people believe in. Einstein believed in a ââ¬Å"cosmic religious feeling;â⬠he believed in a higher being that controlled the universe, but not one who was interested in the personal affairs of humans. It was his line of work that had become his religion. He was so passionate and devoted to science that it had become his faith. His religious feeling was of ââ¬Å"inklingsâ⬠and ââ¬Å"wondering. His religion was his thoughts, and it was through this that Einstein studied and came to scientific conclusions. Einsteinââ¬â¢s religion was his questions, and science was his means of getting the answers. Einstein once said that you are not a true scientist if you donââ¬â¢t approach science with religious awe. Einstein believed that science and religion were nothing without each o ther. Since religion was Einsteinââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"inklingsâ⬠and ââ¬Å"wondering,â⬠religion was a sort of motivation for science. After all, what would science be without human questioning? Science would be pointless without religion, and that is what Einstein meant when he said ââ¬Å"Science without religion is lame. â⬠Science is just, as many people see it, a search for answers, and religion gives the questions. Some people choose to follow a religion without any logical thinking of their own; this is what Einstein meant by ââ¬Å"Religion without science is blind. â⬠It doesnââ¬â¢t make sense to believe in something without any logical reasoning. You would have to do some further research and study to give yourself further knowledge and understanding of a certain belief. Many people believe in a certain religion just because their parents believe in it, and that is the faith they grew up in to. They practice this religion because itââ¬â¢s what they were taught to do, not because itââ¬â¢s something they personally believe in. This is an example of a religious belief being ââ¬Å"blind. â⬠The person hasnââ¬â¢t looked into the religion at all on their own to see if there is any truth in it. They believe it just because their family believes it. This is completely illogical. Without proven facts to back up a belief, the belief is simply blind. A belief being blind, meaning that the belief has no evidence to back it up. There is no logical reason to believe in it. Science helps to create an open minded understanding of religion. Without science, religion would be useless and completely illogical. Although religion is not the same to me as it was to Einstein, I completely agree that religion and science are nothing without each other. Religion and science go hand in hand. My religion, Islam, doesnââ¬â¢t only tell me to believe, but it also provokes me to ask questions. Unlike Einstein, my religion is not just a religion of questions, it gives answers as well. However, most of these answers can be scientifically backed up, and the others have not been scientifically disproven either. Religion, or more specifically, Islam, is not primarily scientific; however it does answer some of the same questions as science. I believe that religion is nothing without science because it doesnââ¬â¢t make sense to blindly believe in something without some fact to back it up. Religion is a strong elief, and science may elaborate on that belief. In fact, Islam encourages scientific research. Time and time again, it is mentioned in the Quran (holy book) to reflect, not to just blindly believe. A verse in the Quran states, ââ¬Å"And it is He who spread the earth and placed therein firmly set mountains and rivers; and from all of the fruits He made therein two mates; He causes the night to cover the day. Indeed in that are signs for a people who reflectâ⬠[13:3] . This verse encourages us to reflect over these ââ¬Å"signs,â⬠to do research and believe with reason. It is only through research that religion is understood and appreciated even more. In Islam, it is believed that the Quran, the holy book was brought down over 1400 years ago, during the 7th century. That was a time when people didnââ¬â¢t know many of the scientific facts we know now. They werenââ¬â¢t advanced enough, and they didnââ¬â¢t have the correct technology. It was a time when people thought that the world was flat. The Quran, however, stated differently, it hinted at the roundness of the Earth. ââ¬Å"He has created the Heavens and the Earth for Truth. He wraps the night up in the day, and wraps the day up in the nightâ⬠[39:5]. The Arabic word that translates to ââ¬Å"to wrapâ⬠in this verse is ââ¬Å"yukawwir,â⬠which comes from the origin ââ¬Å"kurahâ⬠meaning sphere. Also, in this verse, wrapping the night up in the day means that the night slowly and gradually turns to day, which could only happen if the Earth was round. Another example is the formation of rain. The three stages of rain formation are the ââ¬Å"raw materialâ⬠of rain rising up into the air with the wind, clouds forming from the water vapor, and finally raindrops falling. In the Quran, it is stated, ââ¬Å"It is Allah Who sends the winds which stir up clouds which He spreads about the sky however He wills. He forms them into dark clumps and you see the rain come pouring out from the middle of them. When He makes it fall on those of His servants He wills, they rejoiceâ⬠[30:48]. The stages of rain formation werenââ¬â¢t discovered until after the weather radar was invented, but the same stages are discussed in the Quran. These are just two of many scientific signs in the Quran, but it shows that in Islam, absolute religious text and absolute scientific fact never contradict. Many people believe that religion and science canââ¬â¢t coexist because they cancel each other out. It is either one or the other, but this just simply isnââ¬â¢t true. In Islam, there is no conflict between absolute scientific fact and absolute religious text; everyone would be able to see this if they really looked into both of these factors. Religion actually encourages people to expand their knowledge through scientific research and come to a deeper understanding of their religion. Brayan Ellisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02679540273308153418noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5601452680943409730.post-74304122972446985762019-11-30T07:45:00.001-08:002019-11-30T07:45:03.656-08:00Open Education Essays - Educational Psychology, Open Education Between 1967 and 1976, the ideas and practices of open education spread rapidly across the United States. Even today the idea of open education is still growing in popularity. Since it was just beginning to gain popularity in 1967, parents and teachers swarmed to workshops in hopes of better understanding the open concept. Many schools were switching over to an open philosophy. News of the successful educational style fanned the flames of many disbelievers. Many questions still remained about open education. What did children do? What did teachers do? Much earlier on, there was an effort to prevent the progression of open education. During the 1920 through 30's, private schools were set up to maintain a teacher's power and keep kids as her pupils. People wanted a new model of education and the open school model slowly replaced it. In the 60's there was a critical push for open education. The American population had reached a higher level of consciousness about our social and educational system. Yet, one question left people doubtful of open education. How can you "prove" that open education works? People were worried about educational change, because it could be devastating and expensive. It was never proven that open education worked, but more money was spent on workshops, teaching methods, and curricula to create more acceptance of open education. The word was also debated for a long time, because of the many different meanings. Was it opportunity? Relationships? Sharing? It was unknown. Finally, the word was decided apon--open. Open was trendy for the times. As Lydia A. H. Smith from Simmons College wrote "Open education is an approach to education that is open to change." As I have gone through open education, I have noticed differences in teachers. Teachers are not the typical drone model. Open education dropped the workbooks and lecture style learning and picked up discussion and hands-on developmental learning. An idea following this change in classroom materials and teaching styles was the position a teacher held in a classroom. No longer were they the directors that made everything this way or that, but teachers were now facilitators that would ease one's way through the educational system. Education is not just studying about, but about being. The word about never gave you the eyes to see being. In the US the open educational philosophy was spreading rapidly, in Britain primary schools were in a great push towards the movement for open education. Britain had closely been following open education. Many articles were being published on the idea of open school. These published articles were evoking positive feelings throughout the United States and Britain. As for today, there are many different types of educational philosophies. Once open education was accepted and found to work well society was more willing to accept new educational ideas. Educational philosophy The word philosophy comes from the Greek root philos (love) and sophia (wisdom), it means the love or search for wisdom. Philosophy covers a broad area of topics, but there is something that I want to explore more closely. I will look at educational philosophy, since that is what I am dealing with. Basically, I think philosophy in an educational context is the generalized theory of education or wisdom in education. Whatever education is, or becomes, is the basis of its philosophy. Educational theories are applied in a classroom to see if they show better results than before. If not, the theories are removed. Educational philosophy contains ideas of ideal ways education should be taught. Open philosophy wouldn't have been a popular philosophical education model, if it had not worked as well as it has. I believe that educational philosophy expresses ideas of how society should be taught. Since I have been in an open education program for my whole life, I'm going to talk about its ideals and my feelings. I think open education is based on 6 factors (1) the school as a community, (2) the school in the community, (3) the person and thier moral right to freedom and choice, (4) concern for individual differences, (5) the method of intelligence, (6) building curriculum through and with students. (Lydia A. H. Smith, page 376) To me the best a teacher can be is when they are learning from the students and when the students learn from them. It is best when material is not dictated, but presented through thought and participation. "I believe firmly, that education must be conceived as a continuing reconstruction of experience; that the process and the goal of education are one and the Brayan Ellisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02679540273308153418noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5601452680943409730.post-68124788830647740602019-11-26T02:06:00.001-08:002019-11-26T02:06:03.804-08:00Definition and Examples of Substantives in GrammarDefinition and Examples of Substantives in Grammar In traditional grammar, a substantive is a word or a group of words that functions as a noun or noun phrase. In contemporary language studies, the more common term for a substantive is nominal. In some forms of construction grammar, substantive is used in a broad sense thats unrelated to the traditional meaning of substantiveà (or noun). As Peter Koch observes in Between Word Formation and Meaning Change, It simply has the sense of constituted by one or more particular lexical or grammatical items (Morphology and Meaning, 2014). (See Hoffmans remarks in Examples and Observations below.) EtymologyFrom the Latin, substance Examples and Observations Doctors have asserted many times over the centuries thatà walking is good for you, butà medical advice has never been one of the chief attractions of literature.(Rebecca Solnit, Wanderlust: A History of Walking. Penguin, 2001)The motion was eager, shy, exquisite, diffident, trusting: he saw all its meanings and knew that she would never stop gesturing within him, never; though a decree come between them, even death, her gestures would endure, cut into glass.(John Updike, Gesturing.à The Early Stories: 1953-1975. Random House, 2007)A [substantive is a] grammatical term that in the Middle Ages included both noun and adjective, but later meant noun exclusively. It is not usually found in later 20c English grammars. . . . However, the term has been used to refer to nouns and any other parts of speech serving as nouns (the substantive in English). The adjective local is used substantively in the sentence He had a drink at the local before going home (that is, the local public house) .(Sylvia Chalker and Tom McArthur, Substantive. The Oxford Companion to the English Language, Oxford University Press, 1992) A substantive noun or a substantive is . . . a name which can stand by itself, in distinction from an adjective noun or an adjective. It is the name of an object of thought, whether perceived by the senses or the understanding. . . . Substantive and noun are, in common use, convertible terms.(William Chauncey Fowler, English Grammar. Harper Brothers, 1855)Substantive Nouns and Adjectival Nouns- In Aristotelian, and scholastic, terminology, substance is more or less synonymous with entity. It is this by now almost obsolete sense of substance which gaveà rise to theà term substantive for what, in modernà terminology, are normally called nouns.(John Lyons,à Natural Language and Universal Grammar: Essays in Linguistic Theory. Cambridge University Press, 1991)- The objects of our thoughts are either things, like the earth, the sun, water, wood, what is ordinarily called substance, or else are the manner or modification of things, like being round, being red, being hard, being lea rned, what is called accident. . . .It is this which has engendered the principal difference among the words which signify the objects of thought. For those words which signify substances have been called substantive nouns, and those which signify accidents, . . . have been called adjectival nouns.(Antoine Arnauld and Claude Lancelot, 1660, quoted by Roy Harris and Talbot J. Taylor, Landmarks In Linguistic Thought. Routledge, 1997) Substantives in Construction Grammar[C]hildren acquire language based on a specific lexical input. For example, they first acquireà fully substantive constructionsà (i.e. structures in which all positions are filled such as I wanna ball). Only gradually do they thenà schematize these constructionsà by replacing a substantive lexical item by a variable slot (I wanna ball thus becomes I wanna X and X can then be filled by doll, apple, etc.).(Thomas Hoffman, English Relative Clauses and Construction Grammar.à Constructional Approaches to English Grammar, ed. byà Graeme Trousdale and Nikolas Gisborne. Mouton de Gruyter, 2008)Pronunciation: SUB-sten-tiv Brayan Ellisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02679540273308153418noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5601452680943409730.post-33534838597200195702019-11-22T09:29:00.001-08:002019-11-22T09:29:04.195-08:00Addiction in our brainAddiction in our brain Over time, the brain adapts in a way that actually makes the activity less enjoyable. Addictions do not only include bodily things we consume, such as drugs or alcohol, but may include virtually anything. The main addictions tend to be alcohol and heroin, and psychological dependence to activities such as gambling, sex, work, running, shopping, or an eating disorder. Signs of drug addiction include changes in personality and behaviour like a lack of enthusiasm, touchiness, bloodshot eyes and frequent bloody noses, or slurred speech. Addiction is well-defined as a chronic relapsing brain disease that is characterized by compulsive drug seeking and use, despite harmful consequences. It is measured a brain disease because drugs change the brain they change its structure and how it works. Though everyoneââ¬â¢s path to addiction is different whether he or she tries a drug or behaviour because itââ¬â¢s what that personââ¬â¢s parents or peer do, or just out of curiosity whatââ¬â¢s common across all substance and behavioural addictions is their stunning ability to increase levels of an important chemical in the brain called dopamine. If you have a blood relative, such as a parent or sibling, with alcohol or drug problems, youââ¬â¢re at greater risk of emerging into a drug addict. Men are more likely to have problems with drugs than women are. However, progression of addictive illnesses is known to be faster in females. Drug use is on the rise in the USA and 23.5 million Americans are addicted to alcohol a nd drugs. Thatââ¬â¢s approximately one in every 10 Americans over the age of 12 roughly equal to the entire population of Texas. But only 11 per cent of those with an addiction receive conduct. The National Institute on Drug Abuse states that between 40 and 60 per cent of recuperating drug addicts will eventually relapse. With heroin, those rates are even higher. Some experts place the rate of relapse for heroin addicts as high as 80 present, which means that the recovery rate may be as low as 20 per cent. Most people overcome addiction to alcohol or drugs on their own, without joining a support group or entering treatment. Alcoholism and other habits are not diseases. There are specific tools anyone can use to help themselves to overcome any addiction with or without professional assistance. The old belief that it took 21 days to change a habit has now been labelled a myth. According to psychologists, while it may take approximately 21 days of mindful and consistent effort to create a new habit, it takes far longer to break an existing habit. In conclusion to this I think that depending on what you do and your daily routine you can become addicted to anything, Some people face completely different addictions to others but the most common one seems to be drug addictions. Brayan Ellisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02679540273308153418noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5601452680943409730.post-23957537511640226192019-11-20T22:17:00.001-08:002019-11-20T22:17:06.218-08:00Compare and contrast Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 16Compare and contrast - Essay Example th mountain locations and beach locations are accustomed to having a large number of visitors each year so there are plenty of good hotels and restaurants to go to. Mountain locations will have hotels that cater to their environment, meaning more chalet-style architecture and an attempt to create a sense of isolation within the woods. Decorations are often dark because of the blinding white of winter snow, their busiest time of year, but this can sometimes feel oppressive during the summer months and the world is shaded by the leaves of giant trees. Beach locations have the opportunity to perfect their look as a tropical retreat since their weather stays relatively similar all year through. Decorations are often light on the outside because of the tendency of the sun to bleach out colors and as a means of keeping things cooler inside, but interiors are often full of color and life, always making it seem ready for a party. Restaurants in both places will offer good food, but mountain restaurants will tend more toward beef and a mixture of food while beach locations tend to offer more seafood because they can get it fresh. Although beach locations can offer many of the same activities year-round, both beach and mountain locations need to work with the seasons to offer widely different activities. In the mountains, the seasons will very strongly dictate what you can and cant do. You cant go skiing in the summer in most places and its very difficult to find wildflowers in winter. In the mountains, you can also go hiking, mountain biking, snowmobiling, hunting, freshwater fishing, or just enjoy the services provided by the hotel of your choice. At the beaches, activities are also limited a bit by the seasons, but less so. It might be cold, but you can still go swimming in the ocean in winter and it might be hot, but you can still go sailing in the summer. At the beach, you also have the option of going water skiing anytime as well as kite-boarding, wind-surfing, Brayan Ellisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02679540273308153418noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5601452680943409730.post-15287869537358440642019-11-19T02:55:00.001-08:002019-11-19T02:55:03.649-08:00Unitarian Universalism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 wordsUnitarian Universalism - Essay Example It then establishes the historical and philosophical connection between Buddhism and UU. Unitarian Universalism emerged primarily from Christian roots but has drawn extensively from other beliefs and faiths, a practice that has grown to include practically all religions throughout the years. The Unitarians formed in Britain in the 1500ââ¬â¢s during the time of the Protestant Reformation, an era of religious enlightenment at least in the context of that period in history (Hamilton, 2005). The Unitarian philosophy introduced people to new ways of thinking including the concept that Jesus was only a man, not a god or the son of God. Instead they maintained, much the same as the Jewish viewpoint regarding Jesus, that he was an important prophet and teacher. Instead of blindly following the Christian or any other religious doctrine, according to the Unitarians, people should employ reasoning and reject superstition with regards to their personal spirituality. It is not only acceptable but preferable to question the authority of the church, its dogma and beliefs but their own beliefs as well. John Murray introduced Unitarianism to America in the early nineteenth century (Hamilton, 2005). His churchââ¬â¢s membership consisted predominantly of middle and upper-class intellectuals. The Universalist religion was formed during the eighteenth century based on the belief that all people, not just Christians, receive salvation and emphasized the significance of being compassionate and helping others in need. As opposed to the Unitarian Church in the U.S., Universalism was a populist movement that drew its membership more from the middle and lower-classes. However, both groups were very much alike in that they had disassociated themselves with the traditional Christian doctrines which prescribed dogmatic trials of faith. In addition, ââ¬Å"they emphasized individual freedom of personal belief, individual responsibility to synthesize Brayan Ellisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02679540273308153418noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5601452680943409730.post-49817085412956717132019-11-16T15:26:00.001-08:002019-11-16T15:26:03.766-08:00Agriculture in the Amazon Rainforest Essay Example for Free Agriculture in the Amazon Rainforest Essay Throughout a hundred centuries people have worked hard to sustain productive agriculture and dense human populations. Certain forms of agriculture are possible, and should be considered sustainable, for the economic development of tropical rainforests. For thousands of years humans have created a disturbance in the rainforests by creating areas of concentrated diversity of species within the landscape. The Indigenous people of the Amazon fostered palm forests, groves of Brazil nuts and fruit trees, and vine forests near ancient Amazonian settlements. Environmentalists could argue that rainforests can be ââ¬Å"savedâ⬠by through the restriction of economic growth, but it is vital to realize that the local communities will not approve parks and reserves, as it is in their interest to conserve the rainforest. The shifted cultivator who forces small farmers into the forest to begin new farmlands causes about 60% of deforestation in Amazon. Researchers have warned if we continue to change the use of the land it can affect the regionââ¬â¢s climate, and the absorption of carbon dioxide in the Amazon. By converting forests into cropland there is a pronounced ecological and climate impact than land conversions because it involves the complete removal of land biomass, including tree trunks, stumps and woody roots. â⬠(Mike Bettwy of NASAââ¬â¢s Goddard Space Flight Center). A better approach to addressing the increasing problem of deforestation in the Amazon is to follow the methods that have been used by indigenous forest dwellers for thousands of years. Many cleared forest areas used for agriculture can be salvaged by cultivation techniques. Annual crops, pasture land, are some examples of what can be done to increase agricultural productivity and to reduce the destruction in many rainforests. Effects of human population on the Ecosystem Over 20% of the Amazon Rainforest has been destroyed, in addition to the Amazon Rainforest is gone forever. Unfortunately with human population, the Amazon Rainforest has had effects with loss and harm to the population of wild species. A lot of the land is being clear for cattle ranches, mining operations, logging and subsistence agriculture. According to Raintree (1996) ââ¬Å"Experts estimates that we are losing 137 plant, animal and insect species every single day due to rainforest deforestation. That equates to 50,000 species a year. As the rainforest species disappear, so do many possible cures for life-threatening diseases. Currently, 121 prescription drugs sold worldwide come from plant-derived sources. While 25% of Western pharmaceuticals are derived from rainforest ingredients, less that 1% of these tropical trees and plants have been tested by scientists. If this was happening in 1996, we can only imagine that in 2012 it is so much worst. Sustainability and Conservation Overpopulation causes many problems to the Amazon rainforest. More than 20% of Earths oxygen is produced in this area. As the area is reduced more carbon dioxide will be found the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide is important to this issue because plants need it to give off oxygen, which humans need to survive, not only for oxygen but also for food and nutrition for out health. Carbon dioxide is not necessarily a bad thing unless a large amount pollutes the air we need to breathe. Not only can overpopulation of the Amazon affect the air we breathe, but it will also affect the wildlife, water, and food we need to survive. There are over 200 species of trees in on hectare of the Amazon. This is important because there are so many possible cures for life threatening diseases. The Amazon is home to mare species of plants and animals than any other terrestrial ecosystem on the planet. Some interesting animals live in the Amazon and a lot of them are very rare. For example, a new species of freshwater fish, brown-spider monkey and a frog called ââ¬Å"cowboy frogâ⬠, were some of the amazing animals discovered in the Amazon. The animals found in the Amazon are endless. It is amazing the new discoveries that have happened over the years and the new ones to come. The animals in the Amazon have live there longer that humans have lived on this planet. The Amazon is one of the largest natural resources and with overpopulation more and more rainforest are becoming non-existent. Brayan Ellisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02679540273308153418noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5601452680943409730.post-88025506608756343092019-11-14T03:57:00.001-08:002019-11-14T03:57:05.380-08:00Sammy Keyes and the Search for Snake Eyes :: essays research papers Title: Sammy Keyes and the Search for Snake Eyes Genre: Mystery Author: Wendelin van Draanen Pages: 277 Choice: 3 I think the word ââ¬Å"responsibleâ⬠describes the main character, Sammy. She is very brave and sheââ¬â¢s a troublemaker, but she also cares a lot about other people. I believe that Sammy is responsible since she took good care of the baby and worried about it even after it was taken in by a welfare organization until its mother got it back. It started when she was hanging out in the arcade one day while her friend, Marissa, played games. Then all of a sudden a frightened woman comes in and hides behind her. She gives Sammy a Sears bag and tells her to meet her back at the mall at 7:00 with the bag. After she leaves, Sammy soon discovers that a baby is inside the bag! When she returns at 7:00, she waits there for three hours but the mother doesnââ¬â¢t show up. The woman specifically told her not to take the baby to the police, so Sammy didnââ¬â¢t. She returns to her grandmotherââ¬â¢s house with the baby, and since there are no kids allowed where her grandma lives, she has to be extra careful that the baby doesnââ¬â¢t cry. The reason that she went to her grandmotherââ¬â¢s house is because thatââ¬â¢s where she lives. Her mother left her a long time ago. Anyway, she spends the whole night taking care of the baby by feeding it with the formula provided in the bag, and changing its diapers. She soon gets really sick of it. In the morning, before school, she decides that itââ¬â¢s unsafe and annoying to have the baby around and take care of it, and she feels the baby would also be safer in the hands of the Brayan Ellisonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02679540273308153418noreply@blogger.com0